Polyfunctional Monomer Synthesis for Dental Resin Strength
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Solution Overview
Problem
Resin-based dental materials have insufficient mechanical properties due to poor polymerization rates and residual unreacted polymerizable groups, limiting their application under high stress conditions, and there is a need for enhanced adhesiveness to the tooth surface.
Innovation Solution
A polyfunctional monomer is produced by reacting a polyhydric alcohol or polyol with a (meth)acryloyl group-containing isocyanate compound, resulting in a high-strength cured product with improved polymerization rates and enhanced adhesiveness to the tooth surface.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional (meth)acrylate monomers are used in dental materials, then the materials can be polymerized to form resin structures, but the polymerization rate is insufficient and residual unreacted polymerizable groups remain, leading to poor mechanical properties
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a novel monomer structure with specific molecular weight range (50-500 g/mol) and functional group composition (carboxyl, hydroxyl, and polymerizable groups) to optimize polymerization kinetics. By controlling the number of polymerizable groups (2-10 per molecule) and using specific core structures ( polyvalent organic groups with oxygen or nitrogen atoms), the invention achieves complete polymerization while maintaining high mechanical strength in cured dental materials
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite monomer system combining multiple functional groups (carboxyl, hydroxyl, and polymerizable groups) within a single molecular structure. This composite approach allows the monomer to simultaneously participate in polymerization reactions through multiple polymerizable groups while forming strong adhesive bonds through carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, resulting in both high polymerization rate and superior mechanical properties
2Strength
If resin-based materials are used in dental applications, then they provide certain mechanical properties, but the strength is insufficient for sites subjected to high stress
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the molecular structure parameters of the monomer, including molecular weight (50-500 g/mol), number of polymerizable groups (2-10), and core structure composition (polyvalent organic groups with oxygen or nitrogen). These parameter optimizations enable the cured product to achieve high strength and complete polymerization, making the material reliable for dental applications under high stress conditions
Solution Approach 2:
The invention employs a composite monomer structure integrating multiple functional groups (carboxyl, hydroxyl, and polymerizable groups) that work synergistically. The polymerizable groups form crosslinked polymer networks for mechanical strength, while carboxyl and hydroxyl groups provide adhesive bonding to tooth structures, resulting in reliable performance under high stress dental loading conditions
3Reliability
If HEMA is used for dental primers and bonding materials, then tooth compatibility and surface modification are improved through hydroxyl group hydrophilicity, but the polymerization completeness is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the monomer structure by incorporating multiple polymerizable groups (2-10 per molecule) alongside carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, with controlled molecular weight (50-500 g/mol). This structural optimization enables complete polymerization while retaining the adhesive benefits of hydroxyl groups, solving the limitation of HEMA's incomplete polymerization
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite functional monomer that integrates adhesive groups (carboxyl and hydroxyl) with multiple polymerizable groups within the same molecule. This composite structure allows the monomer to simultaneously achieve complete polymerization through multiple reactive sites and maintain tooth compatibility through hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, overcoming HEMA's polymerization limitations
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides dental materials with high strength and low residual unreacted polymerizable terminals, and enhances adhesive strength to the tooth, addressing the mechanical and adhesiveness limitations of existing resin-based dental materials.
Implementation Method 1
A polyfunctional monomer is produced by reacting a polyhydric alcohol or polyol with a (meth)acryloyl group-containing isocyanate compound
Implementation Method 2
the polymerization rate reaches only a moderate value... Presence of unpolymerized (meth)acrylate groups concerned are presumed to adversely affect the mechanical properties
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are monomers useful for dental materials that include a compound in which a core and a specific terminal group are bonded to each other directly or via a linking group, wherein the core is a C1-200 polyvalent organic group having a valence of not less than 3 containing an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom in which an atom bonded to the terminal group or the linking group is the oxygen atom or the nitrogen atom; the terminal group is a specific (meth)acryloyl group-containing group, a (meth)acryloyl group, a C1-20 hydrocarbon group or a hydrogen atom, and the terminal group needs to meet specific requirements; and the linking group is a specific divalent group, and when the compound contains a plurality of linking groups, the linking groups may be the same as or different from each other. Compositions, dental materials and kits are also provided.