Polyimide-Ionic Polymer Filtration Material for High-Temperature Desalination
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional filtration materials exhibit poor thermal resistance and rejection rates when used at high temperatures, leading to inferior filtration capacity in industries such as chemical, textile, and biochemical processes.
Innovation Solution
A filtration material comprising a supporting layer, a first selective layer made of polyimide intertwined with an ionic polymer, and a second selective layer of interfacial polymer, which achieves self-shrinkage and reduces pore size, enhancing thermal resistance and ion rejection rates under low pressure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If conventional filtration material is used at high temperature, then thermal resistance is poor, but filtration capacity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite filtration material structure consisting of a supporting layer and a selective layer. The selective layer is formed by the interfacial polymerization of polyamic acid and a diamine compound, creating a composite structure that combines the thermal stability of the supporting layer with the selective filtration properties of the polymer layer. This composite structure enables the material to maintain high filtration capacity at operating temperatures up to 100°C.
2Temperature
If conventional filtration material is used, then thermal resistance is insufficient, but rejection rate decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical composition parameters of the selective layer by using polyamic acid with specific functional groups and controlling the molecular weight and composition ratio of the diamine compound. These parameter adjustments create a polymer structure with optimized thermal stability and ion rejection properties, enabling the material to maintain high rejection rates for divalent ions while withstanding temperatures up to 100°C.
3Temperature
If filtration material operates at high temperature, then water flux decreases, but filtration efficiency improves
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a selective layer with optimized local properties by controlling the interfacial polymerization process. The selective layer has a controlled thickness and specific polymer composition that provides both high ion rejection rates and adequate water flux. The local quality of the selective layer is optimized to balance filtration efficiency with water passage, maintaining performance at elevated temperatures.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The filtration material demonstrates superior thermal resistance and high water flux, suitable for applications like desalination, seawater treatment, and ultrapure water treatment, with high ion rejection rates and efficient filtration performance under high temperatures.
Implementation Method 1
Due to the ionic bonds between the ionic polymer and the interfacial polymer, the self-shrinkage of fibers of the filtration material can be achieved, resulting in reducing the pore size of the filtration material
Implementation Method 2
the self-shrinkage of fibers of the filtration material can be achieved, resulting in reducing the pore size of the filtration material
Implementation Method 3
a first selective layer disposed on the supporting layer; and a second selective layer disposed on the first selective layer
Implementation Method 4
the ionic polymer includes a repeat unit of
Data Source
AI summary
The filtration material includes a supporting layer, a first selective layer disposed on the supporting layer, and a second selective layer disposed on the first selective layer. The first selective layer includes a polyimide and an ionic polymer intertwined with the polyimide. In particular, the polyimide includes at least one repeat unit having a structure represented by Formula (I)wherein A1 isA2 isR1 and R2 are independently —H, —CF3, —OH, —Br, —Cl, —F, C1-6 alkyl group, or C1-6 alkoxy group; and X and Y are independently single bond, —O—, —CH2—, —C(CH3)2—, or—NH—.