Controlling Polymer Fiber Swelling via Coagulation Bath pH

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Solution Overview

Problem

The production of carbon fibers faces uncertainties in the degree of swelling of polymer fibers during the coagulation process, affecting the tensile properties and density of the final product, as existing methods rely on unpredictable parameters like polymer dope pH, concentration, and viscosity.

Innovation Solution

Controlling the pH of the coagulation bath during the spinning process of polymer fibers to maintain a degree of swelling of less than or equal to 150%, typically less than 135%, thereby ensuring a denser fiber structure and reducing macrovoid formation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If polymer dope pH, concentration, and viscosity are used to predict coagulation bath concentration, then the coagulation process can be controlled, but the measured degree of swelling may not match predictions, leading to uncertainties in fiber properties

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol of degree of swellingVSAvoidpredictability of fiber properties
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the controlling parameter from polymer dope properties (pH, concentration, viscosity) to coagulation bath pH. By adjusting and controlling the pH of the coagulation bath, the degree of swelling can be precisely controlled and predicted, resolving the uncertainty between predicted and measured swelling degrees.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of manufacture

If the degree of swelling is too high, then the coagulation process is easier to control, but the final tensile performance decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol of coagulation processVSAvoidtensile performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

By changing the controlling parameter to coagulation bath pH, the patent enables precise control of the degree of swelling within an optimal range. This allows the coagulation process to be controlled while maintaining tensile performance, as the pH can be adjusted to achieve the desired balance between ease of manufacture and strength.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If traditional parameters are used to control coagulation, then the process is straightforward, but macrovoid formation cannot be effectively prevented

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimplicity of controlVSAvoidcontrol of fiber density
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the control parameter to coagulation bath pH, which provides better control over fiber density and macrovoid formation. While this requires an additional parameter to control, it significantly improves the precision of fiber structure control, preventing macrovoids while maintaining processability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for precise control of the degree of swelling, enhancing the tensile properties and reducing macrovoids in the final carbon fibers, resulting in improved mechanical performance and processing efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

Typically, a diffusional interchange occurs between the two phases in which solvent leaves the forming filament as water enters, causing the polymer to phase separate from the solvent and precipitate.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffusion: Diffusion

Implementation Method 2

causing the polymer to phase separate from the solvent and precipitate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase separation: Phase Change

Implementation Method 3

The degree of swelling represents the amount of liquid within the fiber. A low water content corresponds to a denser fiber structure while a high water content corresponds to a less dense fiber structure.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSwelling:

Data Source

PatentUS12129575B2Controlling the degree of swelling of polymer fibers during coagulation
Publication Date: 2024.10.29 CYTEC IND INC

AI summary

The present disclosure relates to the control of the degree of swelling of polymer fiber, such as polymer fiber used in the manufacturing of composite materials, by control of the pH of the coagulation bath during spinning.