Polymer Micro-bridge for Low-Loss Optical Fiber Connections

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Solution Overview

Problem

The challenge lies in developing a method to connect plastic optical fibers with standard silica glass fibers of different geometrical dimensions, which is essential for hybrid telecommunications networks, while minimizing signal loss, as existing detachable connections suffer from high losses exceeding 1.5 dB.

Innovation Solution

A polymer micro-bridge is created using a photopolymerization process, acting as a mode converter, connecting optical fibers of varying materials and geometries by aligning them coaxially and introducing a photopolymerizing substance containing disodium salt of Eosin Y, methyldiethanolamine, pentaerythritol triacrylate, and heptafluorobutyl acrylate, with a light beam initiating polymerization, resulting in a polymer micro-bridge that adapts technical parameters for low-loss connections.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If detachable connections are used to connect plastic fibres with silica glass fibres, then adaptability to different fibre types is improved, but connection loss increases to above 1.5 dB

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveadaptability to different fibre typesVSAvoidconnection loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

A polymer converter acts as an intermediary element between the plastic optical fibre and the silica glass fibre. The converter includes a first polymer section coupled to the plastic fibre, a second polymer section coupled to the silica glass fibre, and a gradient index section that optically couples the two polymer sections. This intermediate structure adapts the different geometrical dimensions and optical properties of the two fibre types while maintaining low connection loss below 0.15 dB.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of manufacture

If standard mechanical splicing methods are used, then ease of manufacture is improved, but connection loss remains high at 1.5 dB or more

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of connection fabricationVSAvoidconnection loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional mechanical alignment and splicing systems with a photopolymerization-based manufacturing process. A photopolymerizing substance is introduced between the fibre ends, and UV light initiates polymerization to form the converter structure. This substitution of mechanical processes with photochemical processes enables precise control of the optical interface while maintaining ease of manufacture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Adaptability or versatility

If fibres with different geometrical dimensions are connected, then versatility of network configuration is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork configuration flexibilityVSAvoidalignment precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The polymer converter employs local quality variations through its gradient index section, where the refractive index changes continuously from the first polymer section to the second polymer section. This gradient structure locally adapts the optical field distribution to match the different geometrical dimensions of the connected fibres, reducing sensitivity to alignment errors and manufacturing tolerances.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach achieves connection losses below 0.15 dB, significantly lower than commercial mechanical splicing, enabling efficient data transmission with reduced material and production costs, particularly suitable for indoor installations with many bends.

Implementation Method 1

introducing a photopolymerizing substance between their end faces and illuminating it with a light beam, wherein the light beam initiates polymerization

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotopolymerization: Photopolymerisation

Data Source

PatentEP3359992B1Method to produce polymer converter for connecting optical fibres
Publication Date: 2023.07.12 WOJSKOWA AKAD TECHNICZNA IM JAROSAWA DABROWSKIEGO
  • EP3359992B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP3359992B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3359992B1 patent drawing

AI summary

The method to produce a polymer converter for connecting optical fibres according to the present invention is characterized by the polymer converter is created between optical fibres made of different materials. The polymer converter for connecting fibres made of different materials, being a polymer microbridge (1) created at the end faces of the pair of optical fibres (2 and 3) positioned in front of each other, wherein at least one of the fibres is a plastic fibre made in the photopolymerisation process. The mixture of the photopolymerising substance introduced as a drop between the end faces consists of Eosin Y, co-initiator (MDEA - methyldiethanolamine) and multifunction monomers: pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) and additionally heptafluorobutyl acrylate (HFBA) for connecting the optical fibres.