Polymer Terminal Structure with Reactive Silicon Groups
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for introducing reactive groups into polyoxyalkylene polymers, such as carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds or reactive silicon groups, face challenges in achieving high terminal concentrations, leading to reduced efficiency and stability in the polymerization process, which affects the elasticity and strength of the cured products.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the use of an alkali metal salt to react with a hydroxyl-group-terminated polymer, followed by an epoxy compound and a halogenated hydrocarbon compound, to introduce multiple reactive silicon groups into the polymer through hydrosilylation, resulting in a polymer with a terminal structure having two or more carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds, enhancing the terminal moiety's reactivity and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional methods are used to introduce reactive groups into polyoxyalkylene polymers, then the polymerization process can proceed, but the terminal concentration of reactive groups is insufficient, reducing efficiency and stability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the terminal groups by introducing multiple carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds (such as vinyl or allyl groups) at the polymer terminals through specific polymerization conditions and catalyst selection, thereby increasing the reactive group concentration and improving both efficiency and stability of the polymerization process
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary introduction of multiple unsaturated bonds at the polymer terminals during the polymerization stage itself, rather than adding them separately afterward. This preliminary action ensures high terminal concentration from the outset, which subsequently improves the efficiency and stability of curing reactions
2Strength
If the number of reactive groups at polymer terminals is increased, then the mechanical strength and restorability of cured products are improved, but the complexity of the modification process increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the polymerization process with the introduction of multiple unsaturated bonds at terminals by using specific initiators and catalysts that incorporate these functional groups directly during polymer chain formation. This combining of steps avoids separate modification stages, reducing overall process complexity while achieving high terminal reactive group concentration for improved mechanical strength and restorability
3Reliability
If multiple reactive silicon groups are introduced into the polymer, then the weather resistance and handleability of cured products are enhanced, but the polymerization efficiency may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by concentrating multiple reactive silicon groups specifically at the terminal regions of the polymer chains rather than distributing them throughout the entire polymer structure. This localized concentration at terminals maintains polymerization efficiency in the bulk while providing enhanced weather resistance and handleability at the reactive terminals where curing occurs
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively increases the number of reactive groups at the polymer terminals, leading to improved handleability, mechanical strength, restorability, and weather resistance of the cured products, while maintaining industrial feasibility.
Implementation Method 1
a method of using an alkali metal salt to substitute the hydroxyl group with an alkoxy group
Implementation Method 2
an epoxy compound is subjected to ring-opening polymerization
Implementation Method 3
causing a hydrolyzable-group-containing hydrosilane to hydrosilylate with a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond
Data Source
AI summary
A polymer (A) having, at one terminal moiety thereof, a terminal structure having two or more carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds. A reactive-silicon-group-containing polymer (B) having, at one terminal moiety thereof, a terminal structure having two or more reactive silicon groups.