Biodegradable Polymeric Particles for Sustained Antigen Release
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional vaccines require multiple administrations for full and sustained protection, leading to challenges such as reimmunization needs, vaccine failures due to non-compliance, and dependence on cold storage for biopotency, while also being ineffective against weak antigens and limited in addressing emerging zoonotic pathogens.
Innovation Solution
Development of biodegradable polymeric composite particles that encapsulate antigens or vectors, using a combination of polymers with different degradation rates to provide a delayed and sustained release of the active agent, allowing for a single dose to mimic the effect of reimmunization and enhance immune response.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of stationary object
If traditional vaccines are administered multiple times to provide full and sustained protection, then immune response durability is improved, but compliance reliability deteriorates due to reimmunization needs
Solution Approach 1:
The vaccine formulation includes both an initial dose and a booster dose of antigen in a single administration. The booster antigen is incorporated into biodegradable polymeric particles that provide controlled release, preliminarily preparing for sustained immune stimulation without requiring a second visit for reimmunization
Solution Approach 2:
The invention merges the initial vaccine dose and the booster dose into a single composite formulation. The initial antigen is provided in free form for immediate immune stimulation, while the booster antigen is encapsulated in polymeric particles for delayed release, combining both functions in one administration event
2Duration of action of stationary object
If traditional vaccines require multiple administrations, then sustained immune protection is improved, but time consumption increases due to repeated reimmunization
Solution Approach 1:
The polymeric particles are designed with controlled degradation rates that preliminarily schedule the release of booster antigen over time. This preliminary action ensures sustained immune stimulation occurs automatically after the single administration, eliminating the need for time-consuming repeat visits
Solution Approach 2:
The biodegradable polymeric particles provide continuous release of the booster antigen over an extended period, maintaining continuous useful immune stimulation action without interruption. This continuous release mechanism replaces the discontinuous multiple administrations of traditional vaccines
3Reliability
If traditional vaccines are used against weak antigens, then immunogenicity is limited, but the vaccine formulation complexity must increase to enhance response
Solution Approach 1:
The vaccine formulation uses a composite system consisting of free antigen for immediate effect and polymeric particles for sustained release. This composite structure combines different delivery mechanisms to enhance immunogenicity of weak antigens while maintaining a manageable formulation complexity through the use of established polymeric materials
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the temporal parameters of antigen delivery by incorporating the booster antigen into polymeric particles with controlled degradation rates. This parameter change from immediate to sustained release enhances the immunogenicity response, particularly for weak antigens that benefit from prolonged exposure
4Stability of the object's composition
If traditional vaccines require cold storage to maintain biopotency, then vaccine stability is improved, but storage infrastructure complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the physical state and formulation parameters of the vaccine components. The antigen is formulated with stabilizing excipients and incorporated into polymeric particles that protect against degradation, allowing storage at elevated temperatures without compromising biopotency, thereby eliminating the need for complex cold storage infrastructure
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables a single administration to provide both initial and boost immune responses, reducing the need for reimmunization, improving immune response to weak antigens, and providing sustained protection against a wide range of pathogens, including zoonotic ones, without the need for cold storage.
Implementation Method 1
a first polymer with a first pH dependent rate of degradation that serves to form a solid matrix to encapsulate the antigen or vector and a second polymer with a second pH dependent rate of degradation
Implementation Method 2
a first polymer with a first pH dependent rate of degradation that serves to form a solid matrix to encapsulate the antigen or vector and a second polymer with a second pH dependent rate of degradation
Data Source
AI summary
Therapeutic or prophylactic compositions providing an active agent, such as an antigen or a vector that contains and expresses an antigen, encapsulated in or incorporated into a biodegradable polymeric particle are provided. The compositions can also provide an active agent that is not encapsulated in or incorporated into the biodegradable polymeric particle in order to provide an initial or prime delivery of the active agent. Particles or composites providing an active agent encapsulated by a first and second polymer are also provided, wherein polymers are distributed in a gradient from a core of the composite to a surface of the composite, and configured to provide a delayed release of the active agent by a period of 7 days to 6 months. Methods of producing composites are also provided. Pharmaceutical formulations providing a single dose composition are also provided, along with methods for administering the pharmaceutical compositions to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of an active agent are provided.