Polymerizable Compound Vertical Alignment Liquid Crystal Composition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing liquid crystal compositions with self-alignment additives face issues with electrooptical characteristics, alignment unevenness, and storability, particularly when used without a polyimide alignment film.
Innovation Solution
A polymerizable compound represented by a specific general formula that aligns liquid crystal molecules vertically without a polyimide layer, enhancing storability and alignment uniformity, which is incorporated into a liquid crystal composition and used in liquid crystal display devices.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a polyimide alignment film is used to induce vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules, then alignment performance is improved, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and eliminates the polyimide alignment film from the liquid crystal display structure by introducing a self-aligning liquid crystal composition containing specific polar compounds and polymerizable compounds. The composition itself provides the alignment function that previously required a separate film layer, thereby reducing manufacturing steps and cost while maintaining alignment performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The liquid crystal composition is designed to perform multiple functions: it serves as both the functional liquid crystal medium and the alignment-inducing layer. The presence of polar compounds with specific dipole moments and polymerizable compounds enables the composition to simultaneously provide liquid crystal functionality and alignment control, replacing the need for separate polyimide alignment film.
2Ease of manufacture
If existing self-alignment additives are used to eliminate the polyimide layer, then manufacturing cost is reduced, but electrooptical characteristics and storability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The invention employs a composite liquid crystal composition containing multiple components with specific functions: polar compounds (for alignment induction through dipole interactions), polymerizable compounds (for forming stable alignment structures through polymerization), and liquid crystal compounds (for display functionality). This composite approach ensures excellent storability, electrooptical characteristics, and alignment performance simultaneously.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention optimizes specific parameters of the liquid crystal composition including the dipole moment of polar compounds (0.5-2.0 D), the ratio of polymerizable to liquid crystal compounds (0.01-10 wt%), and the molecular structure of additives to achieve both excellent storability and electrooptical characteristics while eliminating the polyimide layer.
3Ease of manufacture
If existing self-alignment additives are used without a polyimide layer, then alignment cost is reduced, but alignment uniformity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The liquid crystal composition is pre-formulated with specific polar compounds and polymerizable compounds that create uniform alignment fields before the liquid crystal display device is assembled. The polymerizable compounds undergo polymerization to form a stable alignment structure that ensures uniform vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules across the entire display area, eliminating alignment unevenness.
Solution Approach 2:
The polar compounds in the liquid crystal composition act as intermediaries that mediate the alignment between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrate. These compounds with specific dipole moments interact with the liquid crystal molecules to induce uniform vertical alignment, replacing the function previously performed by the polyimide alignment film.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The polymerizable compound ensures uniform vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules and improves the storage stability of the liquid crystal composition, eliminating the need for a polyimide alignment film and enhancing the performance of liquid crystal display devices.
Implementation Method 1
a polar group capable of aligning liquid crystal molecules
Implementation Method 2
P and Pi1 each represent a polymerizable group
Data Source
AI summary
A compound represented by formula (i) has, as Ki1 in the formula (i), a structure represented by any one of formula (K-1) to formula (K-3). When used in a liquid crystal composition, it adheres to substrates which hold the liquid crystal composition (liquid crystal layer) therebetween, thereby permitting liquid crystal molecules to be maintained in the state of being aligned in the vertical direction. The liquid crystal composition using the compound enables liquid crystal molecules to be aligned even when the PI layer is not provided (vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules is induced without the voltage applied and horizontal alignment of liquid crystal molecules is realized with the voltage applied). It is possible to provide a polymerizable compound being excellent in storability and capable of uniform vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules with no PI layer provided.