Polyol Composition Architecture for Functional Durable Polyurethane
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing polyurethane resins face challenges in achieving enhanced functionalities such as water dispersibility, antifouling properties, and abrasion resistance while maintaining durability, often leading to trade-offs in properties like reaction rate and intermolecular interaction due to the introduction of multiple polyol components and polysiloxane diisocyanate incorporation.
Innovation Solution
A polyol-containing composition with a specific hydroxy compound structure, featuring a main backbone and sub-backbone structure connected via linking groups, and functional groups as side chains, allowing for high-quality polyurethane and aqueous polyurethane with enhanced functionalities without compromising durability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple polyol components are blended to introduce new functional groups, then functionalities such as water dispersibility and antifouling property are enhanced, but reaction rate with isocyanate group decreases due to unintended gelation
Solution Approach 1:
The invention divides the polyol system into two distinct components: a polyol main component (without gelation tendency) and a polyol chain extension component (containing the functional groups). This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function - the main component provides structural stability while the extension component introduces desired functionalities without causing unintended gelation, thus resolving the contradiction between functionality enhancement and reaction rate maintenance.
2Adaptability or versatility
If polysiloxane diisocyanate is used to incorporate functional groups in the main backbone, then functionalities are enhanced, but the ratio of other components is restricted causing trade-off with physical properties
Solution Approach 1:
The invention introduces functional groups locally through the polyol chain extension component rather than incorporating them into the main backbone structure. This localized approach allows functional groups to be added at specific positions (side chains) without disrupting the overall backbone structure and component ratios, enabling functionality enhancement while maintaining flexibility in formulation and avoiding trade-offs with physical properties.
3Adaptability or versatility
If polyol component with side chain is used to introduce functional groups, then functionalities are added, but intermolecular interaction weakens causing poor heat resistance
Solution Approach 1:
The invention creates a composite polyol system combining a polyol main component (providing strong intermolecular interactions and heat resistance) with a polyol chain extension component (providing functional groups). The synergistic combination allows the final polyurethane to exhibit both enhanced functionalities from the extension component and excellent heat resistance from the main component, resolving the contradiction between functionality and thermal stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition enables polyurethane and aqueous polyurethane with improved durability and various functionalities, such as water dispersibility, adhesion, and cross-linking capabilities, while avoiding trade-offs in physical properties.
Implementation Method 1
The polyurethane resins are usually obtained as addition polymers of isocyanates and polyol components
Data Source
AI summary
A novel polyol-containing composition and the like capable of forming polyurethane or aqueous polyurethane that is not only excellent in durability but has various functionalities enhanced with the introduction of a functional group is provided. A polyol-containing composition includes at least one hydroxy compound, wherein the polyol-containing composition has a number-average molecular weight of 300 to 5,000, and the at least one hydroxy compound has: at least one main backbone structure selected from the group consisting of an isocyanurate backbone, an iminooxadiazinedione backbone, a biuret backbone, an allophanate backbone, an aromatic backbone, and an alicyclic backbone; at least one sub-backbone structure selected from the group consisting of a carbonate bond, an ether bond, and an ester bond, and connected directly or via a linking group to the main backbone structure; at least two or more terminal hydroxy groups connected directly or via a linking group to the sub-backbone structure.