Polyoxyalkylene Nanodiamond Surface Modification with Safer Silane Coupling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for producing polyethylene glycol-chain surface-modified nanodiamonds are hazardous and inefficient, with long reaction times and difficult control over polymerization reactions.
Innovation Solution
The use of a silane coupling agent with a polyoxyalkylene chain as a surface-modifying agent to produce surface-modified nanodiamonds, which are safer and more productive, incorporating a urethane bond and silicon atom in the surface-modifying group.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If thionyl chloride is used to produce polyethylene glycol-chain surface-modified nanodiamond, then surface modification is achieved, but safety deteriorates due to dangerous reaction
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses an isocyanate compound as an intermediary substance to bridge the nanodiamond surface and polyethylene glycol chains, replacing the dangerous thionyl chloride. The isocyanate forms a safe intermediate surface-modified nanodiamond that subsequently reacts with polyethylene glycol to achieve the desired surface modification without safety hazards.
2Reliability
If conventional surface modification methods are used, then nanodiamond surface modification is achieved, but productivity deteriorates due to long reaction time
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the reaction parameters by using isocyanate compounds under mild conditions (room temperature or slightly elevated temperatures) that significantly reduce reaction time compared to conventional methods. This parameter optimization maintains surface modification quality while improving productivity.
3Reliability
If PEGMA polymerization method is used, then polyethylene glycol-chain surface-modified nanodiamond is produced, but ease of operation deteriorates due to difficult control over polymerization reaction
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the complex polymerization step from the surface modification process. Instead of using PEGMA that requires controlled polymerization, the method directly introduces polyethylene glycol chains through isocyanate-mediated coupling, eliminating the difficult-to-control polymerization reaction while maintaining surface modification quality.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method enables the production of polyoxyalkylene-chain surface-modified nanodiamonds with improved safety and productivity, enhancing dispersibility and stability in various media, suitable for applications in engineering, medical, and other fields.
Implementation Method 1
the surface of nanodiamond particles is modified so as to impart dispersibility to the nanodiamond particles to suppress aggregation
Implementation Method 2
nanodiamonds surface-modified with polyethylene glycol chains
Implementation Method 3
The surface modification with polyethylene glycol chains can impart amphipathicity to the nanodiamonds
Implementation Method 4
nanodiamond particles typically have large proportions of surface atoms, a sum of van der Waals forces that can act between surface atoms of adjacent particles is strong, and aggregation tends to occur
Implementation Method 5
in the case of nanodiamond particles, Coulomb interaction between crystalline surfaces of adjacent crystals may contribute to agglutination
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a polyoxyalkylene-chain surface-modified nanodiamond that is excellent in safety during production and in productivity. A surface-modified nanodiamond according to the present invention includes a nanodiamond particle and a surface-modifying group having a polyoxyalkylene chain and a silicon atom, the surface-modifying group surface-modifying the nanodiamond particle. A nanodiamond dispersion composition according to the present invention includes a dispersion medium and the surface-modified nanodiamond dispersed in the dispersion medium.