Polysaccharide Extraction for Immune Modulation and Cancer Treatment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cancer therapies face challenges in early diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance, and toxicity, with limited understanding of polysaccharide chemistry from Radix Astragali and Radix Codonopsis, making it difficult to compare bioactivities and extract effective immunomodulating compounds.
Innovation Solution
A pharmaceutical composition comprising polysaccharides extracted from Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, or Ganoderma sinense, with specific molecular weights and compositions, is developed, along with a process involving solid/liquid extractions, precipitation, centrifugation, filtration, drying, and purification using ion-exchange and gel-permeation chromatography, to create a hyperbranched polysaccharide for immune modulation and cancer treatment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of substance
If polysaccharides are extracted from Radix Astragali and Radix Codonopsis using conventional methods, then production waste is generated, but the effective immunomodulating compounds are lost
Solution Approach 1:
The invention recovers polysaccharides from the production waste (precipitate) that was previously discarded during the manufacturing of Shen Qi Fu Zheng Injection. The precipitate containing polysaccharides is reprocessed through extraction, concentration, and purification steps to obtain immunomodulating compounds, thereby converting waste into valuable pharmaceutical products.
2Manufacturing precision
If multiple extraction methods are used to obtain polysaccharides, then purification efficiency improves, but the manufacturing process becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The invention combines multiple extraction methods (water extraction, ethanol precipitation, dialysis, and chromatography) into an integrated purification process. This merged approach systematically removes impurities while concentrating the active polysaccharide components, achieving high purification efficiency through a coordinated sequence of operations rather than isolated steps.
Solution Approach 2:
The purification process is divided into distinct segments: initial water extraction to obtain crude polysaccharides, ethanol precipitation to concentrate and separate polysaccharides from other components, dialysis to remove small molecules, and chromatography for final purification. Each segment targets specific impurities, making the overall complex process manageable and efficient.
3Reliability
If chemotherapy is used to treat cancers, then tumor growth is suppressed, but immune system is suppressed and toxicity occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The polysaccharide composition acts as an intermediary substance that bridges chemotherapy treatment and immune system protection. It is administered alongside chemotherapy to modulate the immune system, counteracting the immunosuppressive effects of chemotherapy while allowing the cancer treatment to proceed. This mediator approach enables maintaining treatment efficacy while reducing harmful side effects.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition effectively modulates the immune system, enhancing cytokine production and providing immunomodulating effects, potentially synergizing with chemotherapy to treat cancers without significant toxicity, as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo studies.
Implementation Method 1
The composition effectively modulates the immune system, enhancing cytokine production and providing immunomodulating effects
Implementation Method 2
a process involving solid/liquid extractions, precipitation, centrifugation, filtration, drying
Implementation Method 3
a process involving solid/liquid extractions, precipitation, centrifugation, filtration, drying
Implementation Method 4
purification using ion-exchange and gel-permeation chromatography
Implementation Method 5
purification using ion-exchange and gel-permeation chromatography
Implementation Method 6
a process involving solid/liquid extractions, precipitation, centrifugation, filtration, drying
Data Source
AI summary
This invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for modulating immune system comprising at least one polysaccharide extracted from Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, Ganoderma sinense, or mixtures thereof, and their extraction process. The present invention further relates to a method of modulating immune system by applying said pharmaceutical composition to a subject suffering from cancers, and a method of preventing and/or pretreating and/or treating cancers in the subject, where said method comprises applying said pharmaceutical composition before/during chemotherapy.