Polyurea Composition Using Volatile Alcohol Solvents for Low Compression Set
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing polyurea resin synthesis methods using highly polar solvents like DMF and DMAc are inefficient and costly, and chlorinated solvents are regulated, necessitating a method for synthesis with volatile, low-boiling solvents that also results in a polyurea polymer with low compression set.
Innovation Solution
A polyurea polymer is synthesized using an amino group-containing organopolysiloxane, aliphatic diisocyanate, and an amine compound with two or more amino groups, in the presence of a secondary or tertiary alcohol solvent, resulting in a polymer that is soluble in volatile, low-boiling solvents and has a low compression set.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If highly polar solvents (DMF, DMAc) are used for polyurea polymer synthesis, then the polymer can be synthesized, but the solvent has high boiling point, poor volatility and is difficult to use
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical structure parameters of the solvent from highly polar aprotic solvents (DMF, DMAc) to less polar protic solvents (carboxylic acids, phenols, alcohols). This parameter change fundamentally alters the solvent's boiling point and volatility characteristics, enabling easier removal while maintaining polymer synthesis feasibility.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention employs solvents that can be easily evaporated and removed after serving their purpose in the reaction. The use of low-boiling-point solvents like carboxylic acids, phenols, and alcohols allows them to be completely removed by simple evaporation, making the process economical and eliminating the need for complex solvent recovery systems.
2Ease of manufacture
If polymerization is carried out in the absence of solvent, then reaction cost is reduced, but the reaction mixture hardens and cannot be stirred, resulting in a heterogeneous polymer
Solution Approach 1:
The invention introduces a specific class of solvents (carboxylic acids, phenols, alcohols) as intermediaries that facilitate homogeneous mixing during polymerization. These solvents maintain the reaction mixture in a stirrable state throughout the reaction, ensuring uniform polymer composition, and can be completely removed afterward without residue.
Solution Approach 2:
By changing the solvent selection criteria from highly polar aprotic to less polar protic solvents with specific functional groups, the invention achieves a balance between maintaining homogeneity during reaction and enabling complete solvent removal. The functional groups in these solvents interact favorably with the polymer chains, ensuring homogeneous mixing.
3Ease of manufacture
If chlorinated solvents are used for synthesis, then polymer can be synthesized, but utilization and disposal are subject to various regulations
Solution Approach 1:
The invention converts the potential harm of using regulated solvents into a benefit by selecting alternative solvents that are environmentally friendly yet equally effective. The use of common, non-regulated solvents like carboxylic acids, phenols, and alcohols eliminates disposal issues while maintaining synthesis effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention employs solvents that are inexpensive, non-regulated, and can be completely evaporated without environmental concern. These solvents serve their purpose in the reaction and are then completely removed by evaporation, leaving no harmful residues and eliminating disposal regulations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting polyurea polymer is more soluble in volatile, low-boiling solvents and exhibits a low compression set, making it suitable for use as a sealing material.
Implementation Method 1
a polyurea polymer that is a reaction product of: (a) an amino group-containing organopolysiloxane, (b) an aliphatic diisocyanate compound, and (c) an amine compound
Implementation Method 2
this polyurea polymer can be synthesized using a secondary alcohol or a tertiary alcohol as the solvent
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are: a polyurea polymer that is a reaction product of (a) an amino-group-containing organopolysiloxane represented by general formula (1) which has an amine equivalent of from more than 1,500 g/mol to 7,500 g/mol (In the formula, R1 each independently is a C1-20 monovalent hydrocarbon group having a primary or secondary amino group, R2 each independently is a C1-20 monovalent hydrocarbon group, and n is a value that satisfies the abovementioned amine equivalent.), (b) an aliphatic diisocyanate compound having two isocyanate groups per molecule, and (c) an amine compound having two or more amino groups per molecule; and a polyurea composition that contains this polymer and an alcohol having one secondary hydroxyl group or tertiary hydroxyl group per molecule.