Polyurethane Foam Floor Covering with Post-Consumer Carpet Fibers

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Solution Overview

Problem

Discarded carpet fibers, despite recycling efforts, are not suitable for new carpet production due to damage and contamination, and existing methods for creating floor cushioning products are inefficient and unsatisfactory in terms of cost and performance.

Innovation Solution

A process involving forming a web layer with post-consumer fibers and applying a polyurethane foam formulation containing polyisocyanate and polyol, which is then cured to create a foamed polyurethane floor covering product with uniformly distributed fibers, offering fast curing and adaptable manufacturing for various cushion products.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of substance

If discarded carpet fibers are mechanically shredded and recovered, then fiber values can be recovered for reuse, but the recovered fibers become heavily damaged and contaminated, making them unsuitable for new carpet production

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiber recoveryVSAvoidfiber quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the application parameter from carpet facing to underlayment cushion, where damaged and contaminated fibers are acceptable. This parameter change in product application allows the use of recovered post-consumer fibers that would otherwise be discarded, resolving the contradiction between fiber recovery and fiber quality requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of manufacture

If underlayment is made from inexpensive scrap foam and recovered fibers, then production cost is reduced, but manufacturing complexity and process efficiency become problematic

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveproduction costVSAvoidmanufacturing efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional mechanical bonding methods with chemical bonding using polyurethane foam formulation. The foam expands and cures to bind fibers together, eliminating complex mechanical compression and bonding equipment while maintaining manufacturing efficiency and product performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes the phase transition of polyurethane foam from liquid formulation to expanded solid foam during curing. This phase transition provides automatic expansion, filling, and bonding in a single step, greatly simplifying the manufacturing process and improving productivity while keeping costs low.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

3Strength

If traditional molding processes are used for polyurethane foam with fibers, then fiber-reinforced foam can be produced, but the process is too slow and requires expensive large molds, making it unsuitable for carpet underlayment production

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiber reinforcementVSAvoidcure time
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the manufacturing process by applying polyurethane foam formulation directly to fiber web layers in a continuous or semi-continuous process, rather than using traditional large-mold batch processing. This segmentation allows for faster production cycles and eliminates the need for expensive large molds while maintaining fiber reinforcement through direct foam impregnation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The process results in a product with uniform properties, low production costs, and meets performance criteria such as tear strength and cushioning retention, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production and diverse applications.

Implementation Method 1

a polyurethane foam formulation including at least one polyisocyanate and at least one polyol is applied to the web layer and the polyurethane foam formulation is cured

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPolymerization: Chemical Bonding

Implementation Method 2

a polyurethane foam formulation including at least one polyisocyanate and at least one polyol is applied to the web layer and the polyurethane foam formulation is cured

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFoam expansion: Foam

Data Source

PatentUS9689112B2Method for making polyurethane foam floor covering products with postconsumer carpet fibers
Publication Date: 2017.06.27 DOW GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES LLC

AI summary

Polyurethane floor covering products are formed from a web layer containing at least 30% by weight fibers. A cooled polyurethane foam formulation which includes at least one polyisocyanate, water and at least one polyol having an equivalent weight of at least 500 is applied to the web layer. The wetted web layer is then compressed to mechanically wet out the fibers, gauged and heated to cure the foam formulation.