Polyurethane Foam Composition for Low-Temperature Cushioning Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Polyurethane foams used as cushioning materials face challenges in maintaining their cushioning properties at low temperatures, as existing foams experience impaired performance and increased hardness, which affects their functionality in wide temperature ranges.
Innovation Solution
A polyurethane foam composition containing specific polyols and polyisocyanates, optimized to maintain a low glass transition point and hysteresis loss rate, ensuring minimal increase in compression load from 25°C to −30°C, thereby preserving cushioning properties across a wide temperature range.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional polyurethane foam is used, then cushioning properties are maintained at room temperature, but cushioning properties are impaired at low temperature
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the polyol component, specifically using a polyol with a glass transition point of -60°C or lower and controlling the ratio of polyether polyol to polyester polyol. This parameter change in the molecular structure enables the foam to maintain cushioning properties across a wide temperature range including low temperatures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite polyol system combining polyether polyol and polyester polyol in specific ratios (polyether polyol content of 20-80 mass%). This composite material approach leverages the low glass transition point of polyether polyol to ensure low-temperature flexibility while maintaining the structural integrity provided by polyester polyol.
2Force
If polyurethane foam is designed for room temperature use, then compression load is appropriate at 25°C, but compression load increases excessively at -30°C
Solution Approach 1:
The patent controls the glass transition point parameter of the polyol component to be -60°C or lower, which fundamentally changes the temperature-dependent mechanical behavior of the foam. This ensures that the compression load at -30°C remains within 1.5 times the compression load at 25°C, preventing excessive hardening at low temperatures.
3Ease of manufacture
If existing foam formulations are used, then manufacturing is straightforward, but cushioning properties cannot be maintained across wide temperature ranges
Solution Approach 1:
The patent specifies clear parameter ranges for the polyol components (glass transition point ≤ -60°C, polyether polyol content 20-80 mass%, weight average molecular weight 1000-10000) that balance ease of manufacture with wide temperature range adaptability. These parameter specifications enable standard manufacturing processes to produce foam with enhanced temperature performance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively maintains the cushioning properties of the polyurethane foam at low temperatures, ensuring consistent performance and responsiveness, making it suitable for applications like battery cushioning and electronic devices.
Implementation Method 1
A polyurethane foam obtained from a composition containing a polyol and a polyisocyanate
Implementation Method 2
when a 25% compression load measured under a condition of 25° C. is P1 (MPa) and a 25% compression load measured under a condition of −30° C. is P2 (MPa), P2/P1×100 is 160 or less
Implementation Method 3
optimized to maintain a low glass transition point and hysteresis loss rate
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a polyurethane foam in which cushioning properties are not easily impaired at a low temperature. The polyurethane foam is a polyurethane foam obtained from a composition containing a polyol and a polyisocyanate, and when a 25% compression load measured under a condition of 25° C. is P1 (MPa) and a 25% compression load measured under a condition of −30° C. is P2 (MPa), (P2/P1)×100≤180 is satisfied.