Two-Component Polyurethane Composition with Latent Polyamine
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional two-component polyurethane compositions struggle to achieve high early strength and flexibility due to complex handling requirements and limitations in curing speed and bubble formation, while one-component systems face issues with slow curing and storage stability.
Innovation Solution
A two-component polyurethane composition comprising a first component with polyurethane polymer and latent polyamine, and a second component with aromatic carboxylic acid and water, allowing for rapid curing without bubble formation and flexible application.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If conventional two-component polyurethane compositions use amino groups combined with isocyanate groups to achieve high early strength, then early strength is improved, but handling complexity increases and mixing must occur very quickly without interruptions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameter by replacing amino groups with latent polyamines that have blocked amino groups. These latent polyamines remain stable during storage and mixing but activate to release amino groups during curing, achieving high early strength without the handling complexity of conventional two-component systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces water as an intermediary substance that triggers the activation of latent polyamines. The water causes the blocked amino groups to deprotect, enabling the curing reaction to proceed rapidly and achieve high early strength without requiring precise mixing ratios or rapid mixing operations.
2Ease of operation
If one-component polyurethane compositions use atmospheric moisture for curing, then ease of operation is improved, but curing speed decreases and early strength becomes unsatisfactory
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates latent polyamines with blocked amino groups into the one-component composition before application. These pre-incorporated latent polyamines are activated by atmospheric moisture during curing, providing an internal source of reactive groups that dramatically accelerates curing speed and early strength development compared to relying solely on external moisture.
Solution Approach 2:
The one-component composition with latent polyamines is self-sufficient for curing. The blocked amino groups within the composition itself serve as the curing agent, activated by atmospheric moisture, eliminating the need for separate hardening components while achieving rapid curing and high early strength.
3Productivity
If water-containing second component is mixed into one-component polyurethane composition to increase curing speed, then curing speed is improved, but bubble formation occurs that negatively influences strength and adhesion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses atmospheric moisture as an intermediary instead of mixing in water-containing components. The latent polyamines within the composition react with moisture from the air during curing, eliminating the need to introduce external water that would cause bubble formation while still achieving rapid curing and high early strength.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the water introduction step from the curing process. Instead of mixing in water-containing second components, the curing is achieved through reaction with atmospheric moisture, eliminating the source of bubble formation while maintaining fast curing speed and high early strength.
4Object-generated harmful factors
If latent hardeners are used in one-component polyurethane compositions to avoid bubble formation, then bubble formation is reduced, but curing speed remains limited due to restricted catalyzability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical structure of the latent hardener by using polyamines with blocked amino groups instead of conventional latent hardeners. These blocked amino groups can be efficiently activated by atmospheric moisture, dramatically increasing curing speed and early strength development while maintaining the benefit of minimal bubble formation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the reactivity parameter of the latent hardener system. The blocked amino groups in the latent polyamines have high reactivity towards isocyanate groups once activated by moisture, enabling fast curing and high early strength without requiring strong catalysts that would compromise storage stability.
5Productivity
If additional catalysts are used in one-component polyurethane compositions to increase curing speed, then curing speed is improved, but storage stability is reduced due to increased undesirable reactions during storage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses atmospheric moisture as an external trigger that activates the latent polyamines only during the curing process. This eliminates the need for catalysts that would be present during storage and cause premature reactions, achieving fast curing speed while maintaining excellent storage stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The composition is self-curing through the activation of latent polyamines by atmospheric moisture. No external catalysts are required, eliminating the trade-off between curing speed and storage stability. The blocked amino groups remain stable during storage but activate rapidly when exposed to moisture during application.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition achieves high early strength and flexibility, enabling rapid curing and storage stability, suitable for elastic adhesives, sealants, or coatings with adjustable curing speed.
Implementation Method 1
The ones in the component B acid contained in the component catalyzes the hydrolysis and thus the release of the component A contained latent polyamine LA
Implementation Method 2
The ones in the component B acid contained in the component catalyzes the hydrolysis and thus the release of the component A contained latent polyamine LA
Implementation Method 3
They contain polyurethane polymers with terminal isocyanate groups, which react when they come into contact with water in the form of atmospheric moisture and thus crosslink
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to two-component polyurethane compositions with high early strength, consisting of a first component A that hardens even by itself by reaction with atmospheric moisture, and a second component B that contains water and an acid.