Polyurethane-organopolysiloxanes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Amino group-containing polysiloxanes used in textile finishing are sensitive to pH fluctuations, leading to precipitation and phase separation, especially in alkaline conditions, and are destabilized by anionic substances, resulting in uneven application and silicone spot formation.
Innovation Solution
Polyurethane organopolysiloxanes with side polyether groups, obtained by reacting hydroxy-modified organopolysiloxanes with diisocyanates or polyisocyanates, which provide excellent pH and anion stability, allowing for self-emulsification in aqueous media with minimal surfactant use, reducing foam formation and dye migration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If amino group-containing polysiloxanes are used for textile finishing, then good soft feel effects are achieved, but the preparations are sensitive to pH fluctuations leading to precipitation and phase separation
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical structure of the polysiloxane by introducing polyether side groups and reactive functional groups (epoxy, amino, hydroxyl). These structural modifications enable the polysiloxane to maintain solubility and stability across a broader pH range (pH 4-10) while retaining softening effects on textiles
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite structure by combining polysiloxane backbone with polyether side chains and reactive functional groups. This composite architecture provides both the desired soft feel effect and improved pH stability, as the polyether groups enhance water solubility and the reactive groups enable crosslinking that stabilizes the structure
2Ease of operation
If amino group-containing polysiloxanes are used, then soft feel effects are achieved, but anionic substances block the cationic amino groups leading to emulsion destabilisation and silicone spot formation
Solution Approach 1:
The invention modifies the charge characteristics of the polysiloxane by introducing polyether side groups that can interact with anionic substances. The polyether groups provide steric protection and alternative interaction mechanisms that prevent anionic surfactants from blocking the cationic amino groups, thereby preventing emulsion destabilization and silicone spot formation on textiles
Solution Approach 2:
The polyether side groups act as intermediary structures between the hydrophobic polysiloxane backbone and the aqueous environment. These polyether groups can interact with anionic substances without blocking the functional amino groups, serving as a protective intermediary that maintains emulsion stability and prevents harmful interactions with textile substrates
3Ease of manufacture
If additional surfactants are used to improve emulsification, then emulsifiability is enhanced, but foam formation and dye migration increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention enables the polysiloxane to self-emulsify in water through its inherent polyether side groups and reactive functional groups. The polyether groups provide hydrophilic character that allows spontaneous formation of stable emulsions without requiring additional surfactants, thereby avoiding the harmful effects of foam formation and dye migration associated with conventional surfactant use
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The polyurethane organopolysiloxanes achieve outstanding soft feel effects on textiles with improved pH stability, anion stability, and resistance to shear stress, minimizing silicone spot formation and maintaining hydrophilicity while reducing foam and dye migration issues.
Implementation Method 1
The polyurethane organopolysiloxanes according to the invention can be emulsified in aqueous medium without or with only small amounts of additional surfactants
Implementation Method 2
polyurethane organopolysiloxanes with side polyether groups... produce outstanding soft feel effects on textiles... maintaining hydrophilicity
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to polyurethane organopolysiloxanes and their applications, in particular for the finishing of textile fabrics and textile fibres.