Polyurethane urea elastic yarn dyeable with reactive dye and manufacturing method therefor
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Solution Overview
Problem
Polyurethane-urea elastic yarns have low dyeability with reactive dyes, leading to the 'grin-through' problem when used with other materials and suffer from reduced heat resistance and color fastness, limiting their commercial application.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating an excessive amount of polyethylene glycol and optimizing the capping ratio of diisocyanate to polyols, along with the use of diethylenetriamine, to enhance hydrophilicity and heat resistance, allowing for effective dyeing with reactive dyes while maintaining physical properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If polyethylene glycol is added to improve hydrophilicity and reactive dyeability, then dyeability is improved, but heat resistance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the polyethylene glycol content at 5-20 wt% and the capping ratio at 0.05-0.2 to optimize both hydrophilicity for reactive dyeability and thermal stability for heat resistance, resolving the contradiction between these two properties
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces diethylenetriamine compound as a chain extender that creates localized polar groups within the polymer structure, providing reactive dyeability at specific sites without requiring excessive polyethylene glycol throughout the entire polymer, thus preserving heat resistance
2Reliability
If polyethylene glycol is added to enable reactive dyeing, then dyeability is improved, but color fastness to migration deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent controls the polyethylene glycol content within 5-20 wt% and combines it with specific capping ratio control (0.05-0.2) to achieve sufficient hydrophilicity for reactive dye penetration while preventing excessive polymer chain separation that would cause color migration, thus resolving the contradiction between dyeability and color fastness
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite polymer structure combining polyurethane segments with controlled polyethylene glycol incorporation and diethylenetriamine chain extension, forming a heterogeneous structure that provides both reactive dyeability through polar groups and color fastness through maintained polymer chain integrity
3Reliability
If polyethylene glycol is added to improve hydrophilicity, then reactive dyeability is improved, but physical properties deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by limiting polyethylene glycol to 5-20 wt% and controlling the capping ratio at 0.05-0.2, which provides sufficient hydrophilicity for reactive dye penetration while preventing excessive disruption of polymer chain packing and intermolecular forces that would compromise mechanical strength and elasticity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses diethylenetriamine as a chain extender to introduce polar groups locally at chain ends and specific segments, providing hydrophilicity and reactive dyeability at targeted locations without requiring high overall polyethylene glycol content that would degrade bulk physical properties
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution improves dyeability, heat resistance, and color fastness of polyurethane-urea elastic yarns, preventing color migration and enhancing their usability with other reactive dyeable materials.
Implementation Method 1
Incorporating an excessive amount of polyethylene glycol and optimizing the capping ratio of diisocyanate to polyols, along with the use of diethylenetriamine, to enhance hydrophilicity and heat resistance
Implementation Method 2
Polyurethane-urea elastic yarn is obtained by reacting a polyol with an excess of a diisocyanate compound to obtain a prepolymer
Implementation Method 3
reactive dye-dyeable polyurethane-urea elastic yarn that allows polyurethane fibers to be dyeable with reactive dye
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention is directed to a reactive dye-dyeable polyurethane-urea elastic yarn including a reaction product of at least two polyols, a diisocyanate compound, a diamine chain extender, an amine chain terminator, and a diethylenetriamine compound, wherein one of the polyols is polyethylene glycol, which is included in an amount of 20 to 30.0 mol % based on the total amount of the polyols, a polyurethane-urea polymer includes 10 meq/kg to 45 meq/kg of primary amine ends, and the capping ratio (CR) of the diisocyanate to the polyols is 1.8 to 2.0.