PON Bit Rate Adaptation Using Integer Dividers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current passive optical networks (PON) lack dynamic, load-dependent bit rate adaptation to optimize energy efficiency, as they typically operate at fixed bit rates, leading to inefficient energy use due to varying traffic demands across end devices.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a method where end nodes in a star-shaped network communicate using integer divisors of a maximum data rate, allowing for rapid adaptation of data rates based on traffic requirements, with the central node operating at the highest rate and end nodes at lower rates, enabling efficient energy management by adjusting bit rates independently and quickly.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If fixed bit rates are used in PON systems, then network stability and simplicity are maintained, but energy efficiency deteriorates due to inability to adapt to varying traffic demands
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic bit rate adaptation by enabling network elements to switch between different bit rates (e.g., 2.5 Gbit/s and 1.25 Gbit/s) based on actual traffic conditions. This allows the system to transition from static fixed-bit-rate operation to dynamic adaptive operation, reducing energy consumption during low-traffic periods while maintaining high performance when needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the operating parameter (bit rate) of network elements according to traffic load conditions. By implementing integer divider relationships between different bit rates (e.g., 2.5 Gbit/s is exactly 2× 1.25 Gbit/s), the system can smoothly adjust parameters without complex coordination, achieving energy efficiency improvements of up to 50% during low-traffic periods.
2Use of energy by moving object
If dynamic bit rate adaptation is implemented in PON systems, then energy efficiency improves, but system complexity increases due to coordination requirements between multiple endpoints
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the bit rate adaptation control into independent decisions at each network element. Instead of requiring centralized coordination of all endpoints simultaneously, each element can independently select its bit rate based on its own traffic conditions, provided the selected rates maintain integer divider relationships. This segmentation dramatically reduces coordination complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a universal bit rate adaptation mechanism that works across all PON system generations (GPON, XGPON, etc.) by establishing integer divider relationships between bit rates. This universal approach allows different network elements operating at different bit rates to coexist without complex coordination, as the mathematical relationship ensures compatibility and simplifies synchronization.
3Use of energy by moving object
If different bit rates are used by multiple endpoints, then energy savings are achieved, but synchronization and coordination become more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves synchronization issues by constraining bit rate selections to maintain integer divider relationships (e.g., one endpoint at 2.5 Gbit/s, another at 1.25 Gbit/s). This parameter constraint ensures that faster endpoints complete exactly an integer number of bits in the time slower endpoints transmit one bit, eliminating synchronization conflicts and maintaining reliability while enabling energy savings.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces a mathematical relationship (integer divider ratio) as an intermediary that mediates between different bit rates. This intermediary ensures that all network elements, regardless of their selected bit rate, remain synchronized through a common mathematical framework, making coordination simpler rather than more difficult.
4Speed
If fast bit rate switching is implemented, then responsiveness to traffic changes improves, but switching time and coordination overhead increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables fast bit rate switching by pre-establishing integer divider relationships between available bit rates. Network elements can pre-select from a set of compatible bit rates that guarantee synchronization, eliminating the need for complex real-time coordination during switching. This preliminary structuring of bit rate options allows rapid adaptation to traffic changes with minimal switching overhead.
Data Source
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AI summary
The method involves providing a central node i.e. optical line terminal, that is connected to a set of end nodes and a set of subscriber stations (11). The central node is provided with a maximum data rate. The end nodes are arranged with another data rate in accordance with an integral divider. The integral divider is arranged with maximum data rate that is smaller or equal to maximum data rate of the central node. The central node and the end nodes are allowed to exchange information with specific velocity. The central node and the end nodes communicate with the integral divider. An independent claim is also included for a star-shaped network infrastructure.