Porous Solid Sorbent with Confined Amines for CO2 Capture
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing carbon dioxide capture technologies face challenges such as high energy consumption, amine loss, equipment corrosion, secondary pollution, and insufficient thermo-chemical stability of solid sorbents, particularly in post-combustion CO2 capture systems.
Innovation Solution
Development of a solid sorbent comprising a silica support with covalently attached secondary amines confined inside its pores, optimized through controlled grafting and polymerization, achieving high amine density and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If aqueous amine solutions are used for CO2 capture, then CO2 adsorption capacity is achieved, but energy consumption increases due to heating and vaporization requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs porous solid supports (such as silica, alumina, or activated carbon) with high surface area and controlled pore structures to adsorb CO2. The porous structure provides extensive surface area for amine functional groups to interact with CO2 molecules, achieving high adsorption capacity without requiring large volumes of aqueous amine solutions, thereby reducing the energy needed for heating and vaporization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite materials by combining amine functional groups with solid porous supports. This composite structure integrates the high CO2 affinity of amines with the mechanical stability and low thermal mass of solid supports, enabling effective CO2 capture with significantly reduced energy requirements compared to pure aqueous amine systems.
2Quantity of substance
If amine scrubbing process is used, then CO2 capture is effective, but equipment corrosion and secondary pollution occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs solid sorbent materials that can be easily replaced or regenerated. The solid support structure protects the amine functional groups from degradation and corrosion, allowing the sorbent to be used for extended periods and then disposed of or regenerated without causing equipment corrosion or secondary pollution, unlike aqueous amine systems that require continuous handling and disposal.
3Temperature
If physically impregnated polymers are used at high temperatures, then CO2 desorption is achieved, but thermal stability is compromised and urea species form
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies amine functional groups locally on the surface of stable porous supports rather than using bulk polymers. This localized functionalization allows the system to benefit from the thermal stability of the inorganic support structure while maintaining the CO2 reactivity of amines at the surface, enabling high-temperature desorption without polymer degradation or urea formation.
Solution Approach 2:
The solid porous support acts as an intermediary between the amine functional groups and the high-temperature environment. The support material (such as silica or alumina) is thermally stable and protects the amine groups from direct exposure to conditions that would cause degradation, allowing the system to operate at elevated temperatures for CO2 desorption while maintaining compositional stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The sorbent exhibits high CO2 adsorption capacity, fast kinetics, and low energy regeneration, maintaining stability under varying conditions, including the presence of oxygen and high temperatures, thus reducing the overall energy and cost of the CO2 capture process.
Implementation Method 1
a solid sorbent for use in a carbon dioxide capture process, the sorbent comprising: a solid sorbent support that comprises pores; and secondary amines that are covalently attached to the solid sorbent support, wherein the secondary amines are confined inside the pores of the solid sorbent support
Implementation Method 2
secondary amines that are covalently attached to the solid sorbent support
Implementation Method 3
a solid sorbent for use in a carbon dioxide capture process, the sorbent comprising: a solid sorbent support that comprises pores; and secondary amines that are covalently attached to the solid sorbent support, wherein the secondary amines are confined inside the pores of the solid sorbent support and are present at a density that is greater than 4 amine groups/nm2
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed herein is a solid sorbent for use in a carbon dioxide capture process, the sorbent comprising a solid sorbent support that comprises pores; and secondary amines that are covalently attached to the solid sorbent support, wherein the secondary amines are confined inside the pores of the solid sorbent support and are present at a density that is greater than 4 amine groups/nm2. Also disclosed herein is a method of preparing the solid sorbent of the invention, a method for the regeneration of the solid sorbent of the invention, the use of the solid sorbent in the adsorption of carbon dioxide, and the use of the solid sorbent in a carbon dioxide capture process that employs temperature swing adsorption with carbon dioxide purge as a desorption strategy.