Primary Lithium Battery With Porous Anode Current Collector
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional primary lithium batteries are inadequate for discharging high currents in low-temperature environments, which is critical for emergency notification systems that require continuous operation in extreme cold conditions, and they are not designed for repeated use due to high costs and complexity of secondary batteries.
Innovation Solution
A primary lithium battery design featuring a sheet-like cathode and anode with a carbon active material allowing lithium ion occlusion and separation, and a lithium metal or alloy affixed to a sheet-like current collector with holes, enhancing surface area for high current discharge capabilities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If conventional primary lithium battery structure is used, then the battery is simple and cost-effective, but it cannot discharge high currents in low-temperature environments
Solution Approach 1:
The anode current collector is designed with through-holes penetrating from front to back surfaces, creating a porous structure that increases surface area for lithium ion occlusion and separation. This porous configuration enables high current discharge capability while maintaining low-temperature performance, as the increased surface area facilitates better electrolyte penetration and ion transport even in cold conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from a conventional flat anode structure to a three-dimensional porous structure with through-holes. This dimensional change increases the effective surface area available for electrochemical reactions, enabling the battery to discharge high currents while maintaining functionality in low-temperature environments where conventional two-dimensional structures fail.
2Adaptability or versatility
If secondary batteries are used for repeated use, then the battery can be recharged, but the cost and device complexity increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The invention employs a primary lithium battery design that is intentionally designed as a single-use, disposable power source. By accepting the limitation of non-rechargeability, the design achieves simplicity in structure and low cost, eliminating the need for complex charging circuits and control systems required by secondary batteries. The battery is optimized for high current discharge in emergency situations rather than repeated cycling.
3Adaptability or versatility
If secondary batteries are used, then repeated charging and discharging is possible, but the discharge capacity is smaller compared to primary lithium batteries
Solution Approach 1:
The primary lithium battery is designed as a single-use device that delivers high discharge capacity in one continuous discharge cycle. The lithium metal anode and porous current collector structure are optimized to maximize the quantity of lithium ions available for discharge, providing sufficient capacity for emergency notification operations until relief arrives, without the need for repeated charging cycles.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables high current discharge even in low-temperature environments with reduced internal resistance, ensuring reliable operation for emergency notification systems without the need for secondary batteries and their associated complexities.
Implementation Method 1
a carbon active material allowing occlusion and separation of lithium ions
Implementation Method 2
a cathode active material allowing occlusion of lithium ions
Implementation Method 3
a non-aqueous organic electrolyte including the cathode being made by applying or compressively bonding to a surface of a sheet-like current collector
Data Source
AI summary
A primary lithium battery having an electrode body that is arranged with a sheet-like cathode and a sheet-like anode opposing each other via a separator and sealed inside a jacket body together with a non-aqueous organic electrolyte including the cathode being made by applying or compressively bonding to a surface of a sheet-like current collector cathode material including cathode active material allowing occlusion of lithium ions, and the anode being made by applying anode material including carbon active material allowing occlusion and separation of lithium ions on a one main side face side of a sheet-like current collector having formed holes penetrating from a front to a back, and an anode active material made of a lithium metal or a lithium alloy being affixed to another face side of the current collector.