Porous Composite Hydrogen Storage at Ambient Conditions
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current hydrogen storage methods, such as adsorption in porous matrices and absorption in metal or complex hydrides, face limitations in storage capacity, kinetics, and operational conditions, particularly at cryogenic temperatures and high dehydriding temperatures, with solvents requiring complex steps like dissolution, filtration, and drying.
Innovation Solution
A porous composite is developed comprising a porous matrix with pores less than 10 nm and an organic compound confined within, formed by a dry process, allowing hydrogen storage and release under moderate conditions using hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If adsorption in porous matrices is used for hydrogen storage, then storage capacity can be improved, but storage only proves advantageous at cryogenic temperature (77K)
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the pore size parameter of the porous matrix to less than 10 nm, which fundamentally alters the adsorption characteristics of hydrogen. This parameter change enables the system to achieve advantageous storage capacity at ambient temperature rather than requiring cryogenic conditions, directly resolving the contradiction between storage capacity and temperature requirement
Solution Approach 2:
The invention employs a composite porous matrix combining specific materials (such as activated carbon, metal organic frameworks, or zeolites) with optimized pore structures. This composite approach creates synergistic effects that enhance hydrogen adsorption capacity while maintaining stability at ambient temperature, overcoming the limitation of conventional porous matrices
2Quantity of substance
If absorption in metal or complex hydrides is used, then volume density of storage is improved, but dehydriding temperatures are high (above 300°C and 480°C for MgH2 and LiBH4 respectively)
Solution Approach 1:
The invention introduces a porous matrix as an intermediary medium that facilitates hydrogen storage and release. This intermediary structure provides a large surface area and controlled pore environment that enables hydrogen absorption and desorption at much lower temperatures than direct hydride reactions, while maintaining high volumetric density
Solution Approach 2:
The invention utilizes porous materials with specifically engineered pore sizes (less than 10 nm) to create confined spaces that enhance hydrogen interaction. The porous structure provides numerous active sites for hydrogen storage while the pore confinement effect lowers the energy barrier for dehydriding, enabling release at temperatures below 100°C
3Ease of manufacture
If solvents are used for impregnation, then organic compound can be deposited on substrate, but complex steps of dissolution, filtration and drying are required
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and eliminates the solvent from the impregnation process. By using a dry impregnation method where the organic compound is directly deposited onto the porous substrate without requiring dissolution in solvent, the complex steps of dissolution, filtration, and drying are removed, significantly simplifying the manufacturing process
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces the mechanical/chemical process of solvent-based impregnation with a direct physical deposition process. The organic compound is applied directly to the porous substrate through methods such as vapor deposition or direct contact, eliminating the need for solvent handling, filtration equipment, and drying operations
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composite achieves stable hydrogen storage and release at ambient temperatures and pressures, with high storage capacity and reversibility, enabling efficient and cost-effective hydrogen storage and release.
Implementation Method 1
allowing hydrogen storage and release under moderate conditions using hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces
Implementation Method 2
allowing hydrogen storage and release under moderate conditions using hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces
Implementation Method 3
said organic compound is contained within said pores of diameter less than 10 nm
Data Source
AI summary
The present application relates to the storage of gases, using a porous composite based on a porous matrix and an organic compound confined in solid form within pores of the matrix with a diameter of less than 10 nm.