Porous-Coated Negative Electrode for Solid-State Dendrite Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

All-solid-state batteries face challenges with high interfacial resistance and lithium dendrite growth, leading to reduced output and safety concerns due to uneven pressure distribution and potential short circuits.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a porous support with a conductive coating layer as a negative electrode, which reduces internal stress and prevents micro-short circuits by uniformly distributing pressure and utilizing plated lithium as an active material layer.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the all-solid-state battery is pressurized to reduce interfacial resistance, then the contact area between electrodes and solid electrolyte is improved, but lithium dendrites may grow and damage the solid electrolyte layer

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveinterfacial resistanceVSAvoidlithium dendrite growth

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a porous solid electrolyte layer with controlled porosity (30-70%) to address the contradiction. The porous structure increases the contact area between the solid electrolyte and electrodes, reducing interfacial resistance, while the pore walls constrain lithium ion transport paths, preventing dendrite growth even under pressurization conditions

Inventive Principle:

Principle #31Porous materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses composite solid electrolyte materials combining ceramic particles (such as LLZO, LGP) with polymer matrices (such as PEO, PMMA). This composite structure provides both the mechanical strength to resist dendrite penetration and the porous morphology to enhance interfacial contact, simultaneously addressing both requirements

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

2Object-affected harmful factors

If the solid electrolyte layer is made thicker to prevent lithium dendrite penetration, then safety is improved, but the volume of the battery increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvelithium dendrite penetrationVSAvoidbattery volume

Core Design Contradiction:

Object-affected harmful factorsVSVolume of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The porous solid electrolyte layer achieves high dendrite resistance with reduced thickness. The interconnected pore structure creates multiple tortuous paths for lithium ions, making dendrite penetration difficult even in thinner layers, thus reducing battery volume while maintaining safety

Inventive Principle:

Principle #31Porous materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a porous coating layer or buffer layer between the solid electrolyte and electrodes. This intermediary layer with controlled porosity prevents direct dendrite contact with the bulk solid electrolyte, allowing for thinner overall electrolyte thickness while maintaining dendrite resistance

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Power

If the contact area between solid electrolyte and electrodes is increased to reduce electrical resistance, then output is improved, but it becomes more difficult to form stable interfaces

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebattery outputVSAvoidinterface formation difficulty

Core Design Contradiction:

PowerVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The porous solid electrolyte layer inherently provides large surface area for electrode contact, reducing interfacial resistance and improving output. The porous structure also facilitates easier interface formation during assembly, as the pores allow for better conformal contact between layers without requiring extreme pressurization

Inventive Principle:

Principle #31Porous materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes parameters such as pore size (0.1-10 μm), porosity (30-70%), and thickness (10-100 μm) of the solid electrolyte layer to achieve the optimal balance between interfacial contact area and interface formation ease, enabling improved output while simplifying manufacturing

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances the battery's safety and lifespan by reducing thickness expansion, inhibiting lithium dendrite growth, and maintaining energy density while preventing micro-short circuits.

Implementation Method 1

the porous support may be deformed, whereby pressure applied to the interior of the porous support is reduced

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElastic deformation: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

utilizing plated lithium as an active material layer

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectrochemical deposition: Electrodeposition

Data Source

PatentUS20230290956A1All-solid-state battery and method of manufacturing the same

Publication Date: 2023.09.14 LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD

AI summary

The present disclosure relates to an electrode for a battery including a porous support and a conductive coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous support. The electrode may be a negative electrode or a positive electrode, preferably a negative electrode. The electrode is applicable to both an all-solid-state battery and a lithium secondary battery.