Porous Ferrite Particle Shell Structure for Charging Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing electrophotographic developers face challenges in maintaining stable image characteristics, such as image density and resistivity, due to the limitations of resin-coated ferrite carriers, which are prone to stress-induced degradation and difficulty in controlling charging properties.

Innovation Solution

A ferrite particle with a porous structure and an outer shell structure is developed, allowing for a low apparent density while maintaining controllable properties, and is used to create a ferrite carrier core material that is impregnated or coated with resin, enhancing charging stability and resistivity control.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If resin-coated ferrite carriers are used, then charging properties can be controlled, but the coating resin exfoliates due to stresses in the interior of the developing machine, resulting in unstable image characteristics over long periods

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecharging property stabilityVSAvoidcarrier service life
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The ferrite carrier is segmented into a core structure with an interior portion and a surface portion, where each portion has different properties. The interior portion has high resistivity to prevent charge leakage, while the surface portion has lower resistivity to allow controlled charging. This segmentation resolves the contradiction by providing both stable charging properties and long-term durability without resin coating exfoliation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the ferrite carrier are given different electrical properties. The surface portion is designed with specific composition (higher Fe content, lower Mg content) to provide controlled charging, while the interior portion has different composition to provide high resistivity and structural stability. This local quality differentiation allows the carrier to maintain stable image characteristics throughout its service life.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Quantity of substance

If the amount of carrier is reduced to suppress running costs, then development efficiency may be compromised, but using low apparent density carriers may affect charging stability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecarrier amountVSAvoidcharging stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The electrical parameters (resistivity) of different carrier regions are precisely controlled to achieve optimal charging stability. The surface portion is designed with resistivity in a specific range (10^6 to 10^9 Ω·cm) to ensure reliable charging, while the interior has higher resistivity. This parameter optimization allows using smaller carrier amounts without compromising charging stability or development efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If the resistivity of ferrite carrier is increased to improve image quality, then charging properties improve, but the carrier becomes more sensitive to stress-induced degradation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage qualityVSAvoidresistance to stress degradation
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The carrier is divided into regions with different resistivity levels. The surface portion has moderate resistivity (10^6 to 10^9 Ω·cm) that provides good charging properties while maintaining stress resistance, and the interior portion has high resistivity (>10^9 Ω·cm) that prevents charge leakage but is protected from mechanical stress. This segmentation resolves the contradiction between high resistivity for image quality and stress resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The ferrite carrier is designed as a composite structure with different phases or compositions in the surface and interior portions. This composite structure combines the benefits of high resistivity (for image quality) with stress-resistant properties (for durability), as the surface composition is optimized for both charging stability and mechanical strength.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Data Source

PatentEP3032335B1Ferrite particles having outer shell structure, ferrite carrier core material for electrophotographic developer, and electrophotographic developer
Publication Date: 2019.10.09 POWDERTECH CO LTD
  • EP3032335B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3032335B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3032335B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

It is an object of the present invention to provide a ferrite particle having a low apparent density, and being capable of maintaining various properties thereof in controllable states and filling a fixed volume in a small weight thereof, a ferrite carrier core material and a ferrite carrier for an electrophotographic developer using the ferrite particle, and the like. In order to achieve the object, there are employed the ferrite particle having a porous structure in the interior thereof and an outer shell structure on the outer periphery thereof, the ferrite carrier core material and the ferrite carrier for an electrophotographic developer using the ferrite particle, and an electrophotographic developer using the ferrite carrier.