Porous Insulating Layer for Battery Electrode Thermal Runaway Prevention

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing electrode designs face challenges in preventing thermal runaway reactions due to short circuits, as the electrolyte decomposition and gas generation at high temperatures are not adequately inhibited by conventional shutdown functions, especially when electrodes are in contact with the electrolyte during high temperatures.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a porous insulating layer with a resin as the main component, integrated within the electrode mixture layer, which provides effective insulation and reduces reaction between the electrolyte and active material by forming a partition wall upon melting, thereby inhibiting thermal runaway reactions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a separator or porous layer is provided to physically separate the electrodes, then short circuit prevention is improved, but complete prevention of thermal runaway reaction is insufficient because electrodes remain in contact with electrolyte at high temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveshort circuit preventionVSAvoidthermal runaway reaction
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The porous insulating layer is formed inside the electrode mixture layer, nesting the protective function within the electrode structure itself rather than as a separate external layer. This allows the insulating function to be integrated at the location where it is most needed - directly at the active material surface where thermal runaway initiates.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

The porous insulating layer acts as an intermediary barrier between the active material and the electrolyte. When formed, it creates a physical separation that prevents direct contact between the electrolyte and active material at high temperatures, mediating the interaction to prevent thermal runaway while maintaining normal electrode function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If a shutdown function separator is used to clog openings by melting at high temperature, then discharge between electrodes is inhibited, but decomposition reaction of electrolyte continues because electrodes remain in contact with electrolyte

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal runaway inhibitionVSAvoidelectrolyte decomposition
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The porous insulating layer is pre-formed within the electrode mixture layer before any thermal runaway event occurs. This preliminary protective structure is already in place to prevent electrolyte decomposition and active material exposure when high temperature occurs, rather than relying on post-failure shutdown mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The porous insulating layer provides localized protection specifically at the active material surface where thermal runaway originates. Rather than requiring a complete separator shutdown, the insulating function is concentrated locally where it is most effective - at the interface between active material and electrolyte.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The porous insulating layer effectively reduces the risk of thermal runaway by creating a barrier between the electrolyte and active material, enhancing safety and control over thermal management in electrode storage elements.

Implementation Method 1

a porous insulating layer formed on the electrode mixture layer, where the porous insulating layer contains a resin as a main component, and at least a part of the porous insulating layer is present inside the electrode mixture layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMelting: Melting

Data Source

PatentEP4009403A1Electrode and fabrication method, electrode element and nonaqueous electrolytic storage element
Publication Date: 2022.06.08 RICOH CO LTD
  • EP4009403A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4009403A1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP4009403A1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A disclosed electrode includes an electrode base; an electrode mixture layer containing an active material and formed on the electrode base; and a porous insulating layer formed on the electrode mixture layer, where the porous insulating layer contains a resin as a main component, and at least a part of the porous insulating layer is present inside the electrode mixture layer.