Portable Backup Charger with Segmented DC-DC Circuits for High Current Output
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Solution Overview
Problem
Mobile power supplies for devices are limited by current and voltage constraints, particularly failing to provide sufficient power for starting automobiles and supporting a variety of electronic devices.
Innovation Solution
A portable backup charger equipped with lithium iron phosphate or lithium cobalt oxide batteries, multiple DC-DC voltage adjusting circuits, a charge-discharge protection circuit, and an MCU circuit, enabling output of various voltage levels and high current sources, along with an LED drive circuit for additional functionality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If mobile power supplies use conventional battery configurations, then the device remains compact and portable, but the current and voltage output is limited and insufficient for starting automobiles
Solution Approach 1:
The power output is segmented into multiple independent DC-DC voltage adjusting circuits (19V boost circuit, 12V output circuit, 5V buck circuit), each capable of operating independently to provide different voltage levels and current outputs. This allows the charger to provide high current (100-400A) for automobile starting while maintaining other voltage outputs for electronic devices, resolving the contradiction between high power output and portable size by organizing power delivery into modular segments.
Solution Approach 2:
The charger is designed with multi-functionality to serve multiple purposes: it can provide high current for automobile starting (100-400A at 12V), power various electronic devices (5V, 19V outputs), and include LED lighting functionality. By integrating multiple functions into a single portable device, the invention resolves the contradiction between providing sufficient power for diverse applications and maintaining a compact, portable form factor.
2Power
If the charger provides high current output for automobile starting, then it can serve as an effective car booster, but the device complexity increases with multiple circuits and protection mechanisms
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges multiple functions into a single integrated device: high-current automobile starting capability (100-400A), multi-voltage device charging (5V, 12V, 19V outputs), LED lighting, and battery protection circuits are all combined in one portable charger. This consolidation reduces overall system complexity compared to having separate devices for each function, while still providing high power output for automobile starting.
Solution Approach 2:
The charger includes self-protection mechanisms through the charge-discharge protection circuit that automatically monitors and protects the battery system during high-current discharge operations. The MCU circuit provides automatic control and monitoring of the multiple DC-DC converting circuits, enabling the device to self-regulate and protect itself during high-power automobile starting operations without requiring external intervention, thus managing complexity through automation.
3Productivity
If conventional batteries are used in the charger, then the device is simpler to manufacture, but the charge-discharge rate and instantaneous current capability are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the battery parameters by using lithium iron phosphate or lithium cobalt oxide batteries with specific characteristics: charge-discharge rate of 20c-70c, capacity of 5Ah-20Ah, and voltage of 3.2V-4.2V. These parameter changes enable the batteries to deliver high instantaneous current (100-400A) for automobile starting and support fast charge-discharge cycles, while remaining manufacturable through established lithium battery production processes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The charger provides a lightweight, durable solution capable of delivering high instantaneous current for automobiles and powering multiple devices, while the LED functionality offers additional utility as an outdoor light, ensuring safety through protection circuits and convenient operation.
Implementation Method 1
a DC-DC 19 V-output boost circuit
Implementation Method 2
a DC-DC 5 V-output buck circuit
Implementation Method 3
The set of batteries is composed of lithium iron phosphate batteries and lithium cobalt oxide batteries
Data Source
AI summary
A portable backup charger includes a set of batteries; a charging circuit; a charge-discharge protection circuit; multiple DC-DC voltage adjusting circuits including a DC-DC 19 V-output boost circuit, a 12 V output circuit, and a DC-DC 5 V-output buck circuit; a MCU circuit; a 12 V output circuit outputting a current in the range of 100 A to 400 A; and a 150 A-250 A fuse. The set of batteries is composed of lithium iron phosphate batteries and lithium cobalt oxide batteries. The 12 V output circuit outputting a current in the range of 100 A to 400 A is directly connected to the set of batteries without interference with the charge-discharge protection circuit. The charger is convenient for carrying, and is capable of providing power for different electrical instruments including for an automobile.