Portable Internal Friction Instrument With Mechanical Toggling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing internal friction measuring instruments are bulky, have complex excitation structures, poor reliability, and struggle with temperature variable measurements, limiting their application in on-site inspections of material radiation defects.
Innovation Solution
A portable internal friction measuring instrument with a mechanical toggling mechanism and optical transducer for noncontact vibration measurement, featuring a cavity, sample fixture, heating plate, thermal barrier cover, and excitation assembly, allowing for mechanical excitation and noncontact measurement of vibration amplitude.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional electrostatic excitation system is used to achieve significant strain amplitude excitation, then measurement capability is improved, but device complexity increases and reliability decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the complex electrostatic excitation system with a simple mechanical toggle system. The toggle mechanism consists of a toggle arm, toggle pin, and drive motor, which directly mechanically excite the sample to vibrate. This mechanical substitution eliminates the need for high-voltage power supplies, signal synthesis circuits, and high-frequency carrier circuits, dramatically simplifying the device structure while maintaining effective excitation capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and removes the unnecessary complex circuitry components from the excitation system. By taking out the electrostatic excitation components (high-voltage power supply, boost circuit, signal synthesis circuit, high-frequency carrier circuit) and replacing them with a simple mechanical toggle system, the device complexity is reduced while preserving the essential function of sample excitation.
2Measurement precision
If sample is placed close to excitation electrode for effective signal acquisition, then measurement sensitivity is improved, but reliability decreases due to potential contact and measurement failure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the electrostatic excitation method with direct mechanical excitation through the toggle mechanism. The drive motor rotates the toggle arm, which directly pushes and pulls the sample to vibrate. This eliminates the need for close positioning between sample and electrode, as the mechanical contact is intentional and controlled, thereby improving reliability by preventing accidental contact failures.
3Measurement precision
If capacitance-based displacement transducers are used for high-precision measurement, then measurement precision is improved, but adaptability to temperature variation decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces capacitance-based displacement transducers with a mechanical toggle system for excitation and an optical measurement system for detection. The optical system uses a laser pointer, position-sensitive detector (PSD), and scale to measure sample displacement optically, eliminating the temperature sensitivity issues of capacitance-based transducers and improving adaptability to temperature variations.
4Measurement precision
If bulky internal friction measuring apparatus is designed for research facility use, then measurement accuracy is maintained, but ease of operation deteriorates due to portability limitations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple functions into a compact integrated device. The mechanical toggle system combines excitation and measurement functions in one mechanism, the optical system integrates laser, PSD, and scale into a unified measurement path, and the heating system is integrated within the same housing. This merging of functions enables the device to be compact and portable while maintaining measurement accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the device into modular functional components: drive motor, toggle mechanism, sample holder, heating system, optical measurement system, and control unit. Each module is independently designed and can be compactly arranged, facilitating portability while preserving the accuracy of each measurement function.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The instrument achieves high measurement accuracy, wide application range, and ease of carrying, suitable for on-site measurements of radiation defects, with improved reliability and frequency response.
Implementation Method 1
the vibration sensor comprises an optical transducer, the vibration sensor being operable to emit light irradiating the sample and to receive light reflected from the sample
Implementation Method 2
a heating plate, the heating plate being connected to the fixing plate and located behind the sample, the heating plate being operable to heat a lower end portion of the sample
Data Source
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AI summary
A portable internal friction measuring apparatus, comprising: a cavity (10), a sample fixture (20), a fixing plate (30), a heating plate (40), a thermal barrier cover (50), an excitation assembly (60), and a vibration sensor (70). The excitation assembly (60) comprises a rotatable vibration impeller (61), at least one protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the vibration impeller (61), the lower edge of a sample (80) can be intermittently toggled by means of the protrusion during the rotation of the vibration impeller (61), a light sensor is used as the vibration sensor (70), and the vibration amplitude of the sample (80) is determined by using an angle difference between emitted light and reflected light of the sample (80), such that the technical effects of mechanical toggling to excite the vibration of the sample (80) and non-contact measurement of the vibration of the sample (80) are achieved, and the internal friction measuring apparatus can be integrated in a small cavity (10) and is easy to carry. Also disclosed is an internal friction measurement method, comprising: using mechanical toggling to excite vibration, and non-contact measurement. The structure is simple, the reliability is good, the application range is wide, the measurement accuracy is high, and the working frequency is wide, and therefore, the internal friction measuring apparatus is suitable for on-site measurement of radiation defect representation.