Portable Tool Battery Pack With Solid-State Cells for Wide Temperature Use
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries in portable tools are unreliable in low-temperature environments due to increased internal resistance and in high-temperature environments due to excessive internal pressure, leading to reduced usability and efficiency.
Innovation Solution
The use of all-solid-state batteries with a solid electrolyte instead of a liquid or gel electrolyte, which allows for wider temperature operation, reduced wiring inductance, safer charging, and integration of temperature measurement circuits to manage temperature fluctuations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If lithium-ion batteries with liquid or gel electrolyte are used to achieve high energy storage density, then energy storage capacity per unit weight or volume is improved, but the battery becomes unusable in low-temperature environments due to increased internal resistance and in high-temperature environments due to excessive internal pressure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state of the electrolyte from liquid or gel to solid, fundamentally altering the battery's operational parameters. This solid electrolyte configuration eliminates temperature-dependent issues such as freezing at low temperatures and excessive pressure at high temperatures, while maintaining high energy storage density through advanced solid-state battery chemistry
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite material structures combining solid electrolyte with positive and negative electrodes, creating a multi-component solid-state battery system. This composite approach enables the battery to achieve both high energy storage density and reliable operation across wide temperature ranges by leveraging the complementary properties of different solid materials
2Power
If lithium-ion batteries are used to achieve high output capacity per unit weight or volume, then power density is improved, but the battery requires cooling systems in high-temperature environments to prevent overheating
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the cooling system from the battery design by using solid electrolyte that inherently prevents overheating. The solid-state chemistry removes the need for external cooling mechanisms, simplifying the overall device structure while maintaining high power output capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The solid electrolyte battery exhibits self-regulating thermal properties, where the solid-state chemistry naturally prevents excessive heat generation and internal pressure buildup. This self-service characteristic eliminates the need for active cooling systems while maintaining safe operation at high power outputs
3Reliability
If all-solid-state batteries are used to expand usable temperature range, then reliability in varying environments is improved, but wiring inductance increases compared to liquid electrolyte batteries
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrolyte state to solid, which fundamentally alters the electrical characteristics of the battery. This parameter change enables wide temperature range operation while the solid electrolyte's inherent properties manage wiring inductance effects, allowing reliable operation across diverse environments
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
All-solid-state batteries provide a wider usable temperature range, increased energy storage density, reduced weight and size, improved safety during charging, and enhanced weatherability, enabling efficient operation in varying conditions without the need for cooling systems.
Implementation Method 1
a battery pack containing one or more all-solid-state battery cells
Data Source
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AI summary
A battery-powered portable tool (1) includes: a battery pack (174; 174') containing at least one all-solid-state battery cell (12, 14, 16, 18); a tool main body (180) on which and/or inside which the battery pack is mountable and from which the battery pack is demountable; and a plurality of components (73, 75) contained in the battery pack and/or in the tool main body. The plurality of components is disposed in a first layout or physical configuration (FIGS. 11, 13) when the temperature is low and is disposed in a second layout or physical configuration (FIGS. 12, 14) when the temperature is high. The first layout or physical configuration differs from the second layout or physical configuration.