Potential Flow Airflow Prediction for Data Center Cooling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current data center airflow prediction tools, such as CFD-based software, are expensive, slow, and require specialized expertise, making real-time or near-real-time airflow estimation challenging for data center design and management.

Innovation Solution

A computer-implemented method and system using a potential flow technique to predict airflow within a data center by generating an unstructured grid, determining airflow velocity and temperature values, and calculating convergence criteria, allowing for real-time or near-real-time airflow estimation without the need for specialized expertise.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If CFD-based software is used for airflow prediction, then measurement precision is improved, but productivity deteriorates due to slow computation speed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveairflow prediction accuracyVSAvoidcomputation speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the fundamental parameters of the airflow prediction approach by using potential flow theory instead of full CFD simulations. This involves simplifying the governing equations from the Navier-Stokes equations to the Laplace equation for velocity potential, fundamentally altering the computational parameters to achieve faster solution times while maintaining adequate accuracy for data center applications

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts and removes the computationally intensive components from traditional CFD simulations. By taking out the complex turbulence modeling, viscous effects, and pressure-velocity coupling iterations that characterize full CFD, the invention retains only the essential potential flow components that can be solved efficiently using fast Poisson solvers

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Measurement precision

If CFD-based software is used for airflow prediction, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity worsens due to specialized expertise requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveairflow prediction accuracyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces expensive, complex CFD simulation systems with a simpler, more accessible computational approach. The potential flow method uses standard computational tools and algorithms that are widely available and easier to implement, effectively substituting a 'cheap' alternative that doesn't require specialized expertise while still providing useful airflow predictions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent substitutes the complex mechanical-computational system of CFD simulations with a simplified mathematical model based on potential flow theory. This replacement eliminates the need for complex boundary condition setups, mesh generation, and iterative solution procedures, making the system easier to use and less complex overall

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Manufacturing precision

If unstructured grid is generated with variable cell sizes, then manufacturing precision is improved, but device complexity worsens

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegrid resolution accuracyVSAvoidgrid generation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the data center computational domain into an unstructured grid of variable-sized cells. This segmentation allows different regions of the data center to be represented with appropriate resolution - finer grids in regions of interest and coarser grids elsewhere - thereby achieving high manufacturing precision without uniformly increasing overall system complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Data Source

PatentEP2689356B8Systems and methods for predicting fluid dynamics in a data center
Publication Date: 2019.06.19 SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC IT CORP

AI summary

A system and method for predicting airflow within a data center using a potential flow technique is provided. In one aspect, a method includes automatically generating an unstructured grid, the unstructured grid comprising a plurality of unstructured grid cells, each unstructured grid cell having a size, dividing a representation of the data center into the plurality of unstructured grid cells, determining airflow velocity values for each of the plurality of unstructured grid cells using airflow velocity potentials, determining a temperature value for each one of the plurality of the unstructured grid cells using the airflow velocity values, determining a concentration value for each of the plurality of the unstructured grid cells using the airflow velocity values, and calculating a comparison result indicating whether the concentration values, the airflow velocity values and the temperature values for the plurality of the unstructured grid cells satisfy convergence criteria.