Pouch Battery Case Structure With Heat-Triggered Fire Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Secondary batteries face safety issues due to the risk of fire and explosion from internal short circuits, overcharge, overdischarge, or external short circuits, which can lead to large-scale fires when multiple cells are integrated.
Innovation Solution
A pouch-type battery case is designed with a barrier layer, inner and outer polymer layers, an extinguishing coating layer containing capsules with an extinguishing agent, and a protection layer. This configuration prevents the extinguishing capsules from bursting due to normal temperature increases during charging and discharging, while allowing them to activate at higher temperatures to extinguish fires.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an extinguishing coating layer containing capsules is added to the battery case, then fire prevention capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent embeds extinguishing capsules within the extinguishing coating layer, which itself is integrated into the multi-layer battery case structure. This nested configuration allows the fire suppression function to be incorporated without adding separate external components, thereby improving fire prevention capability while minimizing increases in device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The battery case employs a composite structure consisting of a barrier layer, inner polymer layer, outer polymer layer, extinguishing coating layer, and protection layer. Each layer contributes specific properties (barrier protection, flexibility, fire suppression, thermal resistance), and their combination creates a synergistic effect that achieves superior fire prevention without requiring a single complex material
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents the spread of fire within or outside the secondary battery by ensuring the extinguishing agent is released only at high temperatures, thereby enhancing safety and reducing the risk of large-scale fires in battery modules.
Implementation Method 1
Each of the capsules of the extinguishing coating layer may be burst at a first temperature
Implementation Method 2
the protection layer may be melted at a second temperature higher than the first temperature
Data Source
AI summary
A pouch-type battery case including a barrier layer having a metal material; an inner polymer layer disposed inside battery case with respect to the barrier layer and having a first polymer material; an outer polymer layer disposed outside the barrier layer and having a second polymer material; an extinguishing coating layer disposed at one side of the barrier layer and including a plurality of capsules in which an extinguishing agent is contained; and a protection layer disposed on an inner side of the extinguishing coating layer.