Powder Bed Abnormality Detection in 3D Powder Fusion Printing

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing three-dimensional powder bed fusion additive manufacturing techniques lack real-time monitoring of the powder bed state, leading to potential defects in the shaped objects due to unnoticed abnormalities in the powder bed during the shaping process.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a detector system, such as segment detectors or a camera, to monitor the powder bed state in real-time, allowing for the detection of abnormalities and enabling corrective actions before proceeding with the shaping process, thereby ensuring a normal powder bed state before melting.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If real-time monitoring of powder bed state is implemented using a detector system, then the reliability of the shaped object is improved by detecting abnormalities before they cause defects, but the device complexity increases due to the addition of detector components and monitoring systems

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereliability of shaped objectVSAvoidcomplexity of additive manufacturing device
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where a detector (such as a camera or segment detector) continuously monitors the powder bed state during the additive manufacturing process. The detected information is fed back to the control system, which can then adjust the shaping process or alert operators to abnormalities. This closed-loop feedback system ensures that powder bed issues are detected and addressed before they compromise the reliability of the shaped object, while maintaining a manageable level of system complexity through integrated control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Manufacturing precision

If a detector system is added to monitor powder bed state, then the manufacturing precision is improved by preventing defects through early detection, but the ease of manufacture deteriorates due to the increased complexity of system assembly and calibration

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprecision of shaped objectVSAvoidease of assembling additive manufacturing device
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs the detector system to serve multiple functions: it monitors powder bed state, detects abnormalities, and provides data for process optimization. By making the detector multi-functional, the system achieves improved manufacturing precision through defect prevention while reducing the overall complexity of the addition manufacturing device, as a single detector system performs multiple monitoring tasks rather than requiring separate specialized components for each function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach significantly reduces the occurrence of defects in the shaped objects by ensuring the powder bed is in a normal state before melting, thereby improving the overall quality and reliability of the additive manufacturing process.

Implementation Method 1

a detector (16A, 16B) configured to detect a state of the powder bed

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP3789140A1Three-dimensional additive manufacturing device and method with detection of powder bed abnormalities
Publication Date: 2021.03.10 JEOL LTD
  • EP3789140A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3789140A1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3789140A1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

There are provided a three-dimensional powder bed fusion additive manufacturing apparatus and a three-dimensional powder bed fusion additive manufacturing method for suppressing an occurrence of a defect in a shaped object. A three-dimensional powder bed fusion additive manufacturing apparatus (50) includes: a base plate (10); a Z drive mechanism (5) configured to move the base plate (10) in a vertical direction; a powder supplier configured to supply a powder sample onto the base plate (10) to laminate a powder layer; an electron gun (2) configured to generate a beam to be irradiated to the powder layer; a controller configured to control the Z drive mechanism (5), the powder supplier, and the electron gun (2) to irradiate the beam to a powder bed that is an uppermost layer of the powder layer and perform melting on a two-dimensionally shaped region in which a shaped model is sliced by one layer to shape a three-dimensionally shaped object; and two segment detectors (16A) and (16B) configured to detect a state of the powder bed.