Power Amplifier Gain Ramping for Low-Spurious Switching

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Solution Overview

Problem

Power amplifiers experience sharp rising and falling edges during ON/OFF transitions, leading to spurious emissions outside the desired frequency range, which are not effectively mitigated by existing technologies.

Innovation Solution

A method and circuit for smoothly switching on and off a power amplifier by gradually varying the gain from a minimum to a maximum value during switch-on and back to the minimum during switch-off, using a control unit to generate and manage the mute and gain control signals based on predefined ramps, thereby reducing spurious emissions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If the power amplifier is switched on and off abruptly, then the switching speed is fast, but spurious emissions are generated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching speedVSAvoidspurious emissions
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Before switching on the power amplifier, the gain is preliminarily set to a minimum value to avoid abrupt transitions. The control unit gradually increases the gain from minimum to maximum during the switch-on phase, and similarly decreases it during switch-off, preventing sharp rising and falling edges that cause spurious emissions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The gain of the power amplifier is made dynamic during switching transitions rather than static. The control unit adjusts the gain continuously during the transition period, creating a smooth transient response that eliminates the abrupt changes responsible for spurious emissions while maintaining fast overall switching performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Object-generated harmful factors

If the gain is varied gradually during switching, then spurious emissions are reduced, but the switching duration is extended

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespurious emissionsVSAvoidswitching duration
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The switching process is divided into periodic phases: a transition phase where gain is gradually varied, and a steady-state phase where full power is delivered. The control unit manages these phases systematically, ensuring that the gradual gain variation occurs only during brief transition periods rather than continuously, thus limiting the time penalty while maintaining emission reduction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The gain parameter is changed in a controlled manner during transitions, using predefined ramp profiles that balance transition smoothness with duration. The control unit implements these parameter changes only during necessary transition windows, minimizing the time impact while achieving the goal of reducing spurious emissions through smooth gain variation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3327930B1A method of switching on and off a power amplifier, related power amplifier circuit, system and computer program product
Publication Date: 2020.04.29 STMICROELECTRONICS SRL
  • EP3327930B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3327930B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3327930B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

The present disclosure relates to solutions for switching on and off a power amplifier (20) comprising a signal input for receiving an input signal (IN) and a signal output for providing an output signal (OUT). The power amplifier (20) comprises also a control input for receiving a gain control signal (AINT) being indicative of a requested gain and a control input for receiving a mute control signal (MUTEINT) indicating whether the signal output should be switched on or switched off. A control unit (42) is associated with the power amplifier (20). The control unit (42) determines (420) whether the signal output of the power amplifier (20) should be switched on and/or off.