Additive Manufacturing Power Bushing Condenser Core
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Solution Overview
Problem
Additive manufacturing (3D printing) products are typically porous, making them unsuitable for high-voltage insulation unless impregnated with insulating fluids, and existing methods for producing thick insulators like power bushings are costly and inefficient.
Innovation Solution
A method combining additive manufacturing with a subsequent consolidation step at elevated temperature and pressure to densify the insulator, removing gas-filled cavities and reducing the risk of material breakdown, involving the application of polymeric insulating and conducting layers around a central hole in a bushing, followed by thermal and pressure treatment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If additive manufacturing is used to produce insulators, then production flexibility and customization are improved, but the insulators become porous and unsuitable for high-voltage insulation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by subjecting the additively manufactured insulator to elevated temperature and pressure conditions. This transforms the physical state of the material, causing the polymeric insulating material to soften and flow, which fills the porous structure and eliminates voids. The parameter change from ambient to elevated temperature and pressure resolves the contradiction by maintaining production flexibility while achieving dense, reliable insulation suitable for high-voltage applications.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes phase transitions of the polymeric insulating material. At elevated temperature, the polymer transitions from a rigid solid state to a softened, more fluid state, allowing it to consolidate and fill pores. This phase transition enables the insulator to achieve dense, void-free structure suitable for high-voltage insulation while retaining the manufacturing advantages of additive manufacturing.
2Ease of manufacture
If traditional epoxy insulation is replaced with thermoplastic injection moulding, then manufacturing simplicity is improved, but the process becomes difficult for thicker insulators
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the manufacturing process into two distinct stages: first, additive manufacturing creates the basic insulator structure with necessary thickness; second, consolidation treatment densifies the material. This segmentation allows each process to optimize for its specific function, enabling production of thick insulators that would be difficult with single-step injection moulding.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite materials approach by combining additively manufactured polymeric insulating material with conducting sheets to create a condenser core. This composite structure allows the insulator to achieve both the thickness required for high-voltage applications and the manufacturing simplicity of additive manufacturing, while the consolidation process ensures adequate density.
3Reliability
If epoxy insulation with multiple process steps is used, then insulation quality is improved, but production time and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple traditional process steps into a simplified workflow. Instead of separate winding, drying, vacuum impregnation, and curing steps, the patent combines additive manufacturing with a single consolidation treatment. This merging maintains insulation quality by achieving void-free dense structure while significantly reducing production time and process complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and eliminates unnecessary intermediate steps from the traditional manufacturing process. By using additive manufacturing to directly create the insulator structure followed by consolidation treatment, the patent removes the need for winding, drying, and vacuum impregnation steps, thereby reducing production time while maintaining insulation quality.
4Reliability
If polymer film winding is used for dry bushings, then insulation quality is improved, but material cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies this principle by using cost-effective polymeric insulating material through additive manufacturing instead of expensive polymer film. The additively manufactured insulator, when consolidated, achieves adequate density and insulation quality, providing a more economical alternative to traditional polymer film winding while maintaining necessary reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses parameter changes in the consolidation process to achieve dense structure from relatively inexpensive polymeric material. By applying elevated temperature and pressure, the material properties change to achieve void-free dense insulation, making the process cost-effective compared to expensive polymer film while maintaining insulation quality.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the production of suitable medium or high-voltage insulators without the need for fluid impregnation, enhancing insulation properties and reducing the risk of electrical breakdowns, while being cost-effective and applicable to a range of electrical power devices.
Implementation Method 1
At the elevated temperature, the electrically insulating material softens, allowing the elevated pressure to consolidate the 3D printed insulator
Implementation Method 2
the elevated pressure to consolidate the 3D printed insulator (e.g. condenser core), removing any gas-filled (typically air-filled) cavities
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a method for producing an insulator for an electrical power device. The method comprises, by means of an additive manufacturing technique, applying a polymeric insulating material forming part of the device. The method also comprises subjecting the insulator to elevated temperature and pressure during a predetermined time period to consolidate the insulator.