Power Control System for Photovoltaic Energy Storage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Photovoltaic systems face challenges in efficiently managing power fluctuations and reducing reliance on public AC electric power supplies due to intermittent energy generation from solar radiation, leading to high energy costs and inefficient energy storage buffering.
Innovation Solution
A power control system comprising an electric energy source, energy storage, inverter, and charge controller connected to a public AC electric power supply via a power sensor, which regulates power withdrawal to zero using an inverter and charge controller, allowing for energy storage buffering and minimizing public AC power usage, with features like temperature-dependent charge control and hysteresis to prevent resonant vibrations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If photovoltaic systems are used to inject power into the public AC electric power supply, then renewable energy can be utilized, but power fluctuations and intermittent generation lead to high energy costs and inefficient energy storage buffering
Solution Approach 1:
The controller activates the charge controller in advance to charge the energy storage when photovoltaic power is available, before the power fluctuates or becomes unavailable. This preliminary charging action ensures that energy is buffered in advance, reducing reliance on public AC power during low-generation periods and improving overall energy efficiency while maintaining supply stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses a power sensor to continuously monitor the power withdrawn from the public AC electric power supply and feeds this information back to the controller. The controller then adjusts the activation of the charge controller and inverter based on this feedback, dynamically optimizing energy storage charging and power injection to balance energy efficiency and supply stability.
2Loss of energy
If energy storage is used to buffer fluctuating photovoltaic power, then public AC power supply can be reduced, but complex control mechanisms are required to manage charging and discharging
Solution Approach 1:
The controller serves multiple functions: it monitors power consumption via the power sensor, decides when to activate the charge controller for energy storage charging, controls the inverter for power injection, and manages the overall power balance. This multi-functional approach reduces the need for separate dedicated control devices, minimizing energy waste while keeping the control system manageable.
Solution Approach 2:
The system automatically manages its own power optimization without external intervention. The controller self-adjusts the charging and discharging of energy storage based on real-time power sensor data, photovoltaic generation status, and load requirements, reducing energy waste through autonomous decision-making while avoiding the complexity of external control systems.
3Reliability
If the inverter is activated to supply power from energy storage, then consumers can be supplied during low photovoltaic generation, but the charge controller must be deactivated to avoid conflicts
Solution Approach 1:
The controller implements periodic switching between charge controller activation and inverter activation based on real-time system conditions. When photovoltaic power is sufficient, the charge controller is activated to charge energy storage; when power is insufficient, the inverter is activated to supply consumers from stored energy. This periodic alternation ensures continuous power supply while managing control complexity through clear temporal separation of functions.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts which component is active based on changing conditions. The controller continuously monitors photovoltaic generation and load demands, dynamically switching between charge controller and inverter activation. This dynamic approach ensures power supply continuity by adapting to real-time conditions while managing control complexity through flexible, condition-based activation rather than fixed operational modes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables effective smart grid management, reduces copper usage in connecting cables, minimizes energy withdrawal from public AC power, and optimizes energy storage charging, thereby lowering energy costs and enhancing energy efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
the power sensor may be used for ascertaining the power withdrawn by the system from the in particular public AC electric power supply
Implementation Method 2
power can be injected into the in particular public AC electric power supply with the aid of photovoltaic systems
Data Source
AI summary
A method for controlling the power of a system, and a device for controlling the power of a system, the system having an electric energy source, electric consumers, an energy storage, an inverter, and a charge controller, the system being connected via an interconnected power sensor to the in particular public AC electric power supply, and the power sensor may be used for ascertaining the power withdrawn by the system from the in particular public AC electric power supply, or for ascertaining a corresponding quantity, such as the active power withdrawn from the in particular public AC electric power supply, the sensor signal being transmitted to a controller which regulates the power withdrawn from the in particular public AC electric power supply toward zero by appropriate actuation of the inverter and the charge controller.