Power Converter Voltage Stabilization via Bidirectional Switching

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional power converters experience significant power loss and efficiency drop due to high conduction and switching losses in switching elements, and require large commercial-frequency transformers for voltage compensation, leading to size and disturbance issues during AC power source fluctuations or failures.

Innovation Solution

A power converter that outputs AC voltage using a single-phase AC power source and a series-connected DC power source, with a bidirectional switch circuit and inverter circuit, allowing voltage levels to be selected and combined to minimize switching losses and eliminate the need for commercial-frequency transformers, by outputting voltages from the DC power source and AC power source to match the AC output voltage command.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If conventional power converters use switching elements for AC-DC and DC-AC voltage conversion, then voltage conversion function is achieved, but conduction losses and switching losses increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage conversion capabilityVSAvoidconduction loss and switching loss
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the transformer from the conventional AC-DC-AC conversion system and replaces it with a direct coupling between AC power source and inverter circuit. This eliminates the energy losses associated with transformer conduction and switching operations while maintaining voltage conversion capability through direct AC power source utilization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges the AC power source directly with the inverter circuit, eliminating the intermediate DC conversion stage. The AC power source voltage is directly utilized by the inverter circuit to generate output voltage, combining the functions of rectification, DC-link, and inversion into a single streamlined path that reduces energy losses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Reliability

If commercial-frequency transformers are used for voltage compensation, then voltage stabilization is achieved, but device size becomes large

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage stabilizationVSAvoidtransformer size
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSWeight of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical transformer system with an electronic control system. The inverter circuit uses switching elements controlled by a control unit to generate compensated output voltage directly from the AC power source, eliminating the need for heavy commercial-frequency transformers while maintaining voltage stabilization capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the operating parameters from commercial-frequency transformer operation to high-frequency switching operation. By using switching elements that operate at higher frequencies, the system achieves voltage compensation without requiring large, heavy transformers designed for lower commercial frequencies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Power

If conventional power converters use multiple switching stages, then voltage conversion is achieved, but switching losses increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage conversionVSAvoidswitching loss
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes the intermediate DC conversion stage and associated switching elements from the power conversion path. By directly coupling the AC power source with the inverter circuit, the system eliminates redundant switching operations that would generate additional losses while maintaining the essential voltage conversion function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Reliability

If voltage compensation is implemented during AC power source fluctuations, then output voltage stability is improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoutput voltage stabilityVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback control mechanism where the control unit monitors the AC power source voltage and adjusts the inverter circuit switching accordingly. This feedback system automatically compensates for voltage fluctuations without requiring complex manual intervention or additional hardware, maintaining output voltage stability through intelligent control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP2824818B1Power converter
Publication Date: 2018.06.27 FUJI ELECTRIC CO LTD
  • EP2824818B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2824818B1 patent drawingFigure 2(a)~2(d)
  • EP2824818B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Provided is a power converter that can supply constant voltage to a load even upon fluctuation of voltage of an AC power source. The power converter comprises: an inverter circuit 4 resulting from connecting in series a switching element Q1 and a switching element Q2, the inverter circuit 4 being connected to both ends of a DC power source series circuit 30 resulting from connecting in series a DC power source Psp and a DC power source Psn; an AC output terminal U that is connected to a connection point of the switching element Q1 and the switching element Q2; an AC output terminal V that is connected to a connection point of the DC power source Psp and the DC power source Psn; a bidirectional switch element S1 one end of which is connected to the AC output terminal U and the other end of which is connected to a terminal R of an AC power source 1; and a bidirectional switch element S2 one end of which is connected to the AC output terminal U and the other end of which is connected to a terminal S of the AC power source 1.