Power Converter Controller Source Switching Voltage Generation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional switch-mode power supplies face challenges with slow start-up and high standby power consumption due to expensive high voltage semiconductor processes and inefficient switching schemes.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a system controller with specific terminal configurations and voltage management strategies for transistors and capacitors in power conversion systems, allowing for source switching and internal voltage generation, which includes keeping a voltage difference constant to control transistor operation and using diodes and clamping components to manage voltage levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If high voltage power MOSFETs are used for gate controlled switching, then switching capability is improved, but manufacturing cost increases due to expensive high voltage semiconductor process
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the voltage handling functions by using separate transistors (first transistor for high voltage switching, second transistor for low voltage control) rather than requiring all switching components to withstand high voltage. This allows the high voltage power MOSFET to be used only where necessary while other components can be manufactured with standard low voltage processes, reducing overall manufacturing cost.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a second transistor as an intermediary between the control circuit and the high voltage first transistor. This second transistor acts as a mediator that translates low voltage control signals into appropriate gate drive signals for the high voltage first transistor, allowing the control circuit to operate at low voltage while still controlling high voltage switching.
2Productivity
If conventional start-up circuits are used, then system initialization is achieved, but start-up speed is slow
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary action by pre-charging the first capacitor through the second transistor before the main switching operation begins. This pre-charging phase prepares the circuit in advance, so when the first transistor is activated, the capacitor is already charged and ready to provide immediate voltage support, eliminating the delay that would otherwise occur during start-up.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent ensures continuity of useful action by maintaining capacitor charging through the second transistor during the start-up phase, so that the energy storage is continuous and uninterrupted. This continuous charging action prevents gaps in voltage supply that would cause delays, enabling faster and more reliable start-up.
3Power
If conventional switching schemes are used, then power conversion is achieved, but standby power consumption is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic action by using pulse-width modulation (PWM) control where the first transistor is switched on and off in periodic cycles rather than remaining continuously on. The duty cycle of these periodic switching actions is controlled to match the load requirements, allowing the system to convert power efficiently while consuming minimal power during the off periods, thereby reducing standby power consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by using the second transistor to pre-control and limit the gate drive voltage to the first transistor during low-load or standby conditions. This preliminary control prevents excessive power dissipation in the first transistor when full power conversion is not needed, actively counteracting potential high standby power consumption before it occurs.
Data Source
AI summary
System and method for regulating a power conversion system. An example system controller for regulating a power conversion system includes a first controller terminal associated with a first controller voltage and coupled to a first transistor terminal of a first transistor, the first transistor further including a second transistor terminal and a third transistor terminal, the second transistor terminal being coupled to a primary winding of a power conversion system, a second controller terminal associated with a second controller voltage and coupled to the third transistor terminal, and a third controller terminal associated with a third controller voltage. The first controller voltage is equal to a sum of the third controller voltage and a first voltage difference. The second controller voltage is equal to a sum of the third controller voltage and a second voltage difference.