Integrated Power Cycle Control for CO2 Pressure and Combustion
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a need for advanced control systems that can efficiently manage and optimize the operation of power production systems, particularly those that combust fossil fuels, to achieve high efficiency and complete carbon capture, while addressing challenges such as pressure, temperature, and stream composition control.
Innovation Solution
The development of integrated control systems that include controllers for managing parameters like pressure, temperature, flow rates, and stream compositions in power production systems, utilizing a combination of sensors, computer algorithms, and automated control mechanisms to optimize the operation of power production systems, including the use of CO2 and oxygen management, and heat exchanger systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If advanced control systems are implemented to optimize power production, then efficiency and productivity improve, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The control system is designed to perform multiple functions including process control, optimization, monitoring, and coordination of various plant operations through a single integrated platform, reducing the need for separate specialized systems while maintaining high productivity
Solution Approach 2:
The control system incorporates automated self-diagnosis, self-adjustment, and adaptive optimization capabilities that allow it to manage its own operations and improve performance without requiring constant external intervention, thereby handling complexity internally
2Manufacturing precision
If precise control of pressure, temperature, and stream composition is achieved, then manufacturing precision improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The control system implements continuous feedback loops that monitor pressure, temperature, and stream composition parameters in real-time and automatically adjust control variables to maintain precise process conditions, achieving high manufacturing precision through closed-loop control
Solution Approach 2:
The system replaces complex mechanical control mechanisms with computer-based algorithms and automated control mechanisms that can precisely regulate multiple parameters simultaneously through software logic and electronic actuation
3Object-generated harmful factors
If complete carbon capture and emission minimization are achieved, then harmful factors are reduced, but loss of substance increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system captures CO2 emissions from the power production process and recovers them for storage or utilization purposes, preventing their release into the environment while maintaining the captured substance for future use rather than simply discarding it
Solution Approach 2:
The control system converts the harmful CO2 emissions into a beneficial resource by capturing and storing the carbon dioxide, transforming an environmental liability into a manageable substance that can be utilized for enhanced oil recovery, carbonation processes, or permanent geological storage
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The control systems enable precise control over power production systems, enhancing efficiency, safety, and flexibility, allowing for variable speed operation of turbines and compressors, optimal heat input, and complete fuel combustion, while minimizing carbon emissions and operational costs.
Implementation Method 1
The turbine exhaust can be cooled in an economizer heat exchange to preheat the circulating CO2 stream
Implementation Method 2
The CO2 gas stream can be compressed to be at or near the turbine inlet pressure using a gas compressor
Implementation Method 3
followed by a dense CO2 pump to form the circulating CO2 stream
Implementation Method 4
Heat from an external source can be introduced to preheat part of the circulating CO2 stream to a temperature in the range 200° C. to 400° C.
Data Source
AI summary
Control systems and methods suitable for combination with power production systems and methods are provided herein. The control systems and methods may be used with, for example, closed power cycles as well as semi-closed power cycles. The combined control systems and methods and power production systems and methods can provide dynamic control of the power production systems and methods that can be carried out automatically based upon inputs received by controllers and outputs from the controllers to one or more components of the power production systems.