Power Distribution Device Heat Noise Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Power distribution devices in electric vehicles face challenges in suppressing heat and electromagnetic noise generated by high-current components, which can adversely affect the electronic control unit.
Innovation Solution
A power distribution device configuration that includes a switch unit, a charge unit with a charge switch and resistor, and a processing unit, where the switch unit and processing unit are arranged with the charge unit in between, effectively reducing the impact of heat and electromagnetic noise by positioning the noise-generating components away from the control board.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If the switch unit and processing unit are arranged adjacent to each other for compact design, then the device complexity is reduced, but the processing unit is exposed to heat and electromagnetic noise from the switch unit
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a charge unit as an intermediary component positioned between the switch unit and the processing unit. This charge unit acts as a buffer zone that physically separates the noise-generating switch unit from the sensitive processing unit, thereby reducing the impact of heat and electromagnetic noise while maintaining a relatively compact overall structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent arranges the switch unit, charge unit, and processing unit in a linear sequence along an arrangement direction, effectively using spatial dimensionality to separate components. By positioning the charge unit in between along this dimension, the design creates physical distance between the switch unit and processing unit without requiring complex three-dimensional layouts.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the charge unit is added between the switch unit and processing unit to reduce noise impact, then the processing unit is protected from heat and electromagnetic noise, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The charge unit serves multiple functions: it charges the smoothing capacitor, acts as a physical barrier between the switch unit and processing unit, and provides electromagnetic shielding. By combining these functions in a single component arrangement, the patent reduces the need for additional separate shielding structures or cooling systems, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity.
3Area of stationary object
If the switch unit is positioned close to the processing unit for space efficiency, then the area occupied is reduced, but the reliability of the processing unit decreases due to exposure to heat and electromagnetic noise
Solution Approach 1:
The charge unit functions as an intermediary protective barrier that allows the switch unit and processing unit to be positioned closer together in terms of overall device footprint, while still maintaining sufficient physical separation to protect the processing unit from heat and electromagnetic noise, thereby preserving reliability within a compact area.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration effectively suppresses the adverse effects of heat and electromagnetic noise on the processing unit, improving the reliability and performance of the power distribution system in electric vehicles.
Implementation Method 1
a charge unit including a charge switch and a charge resistor which are provided to charge the smoothing capacitor with power supplied from the battery
Implementation Method 2
a power receiving object having a smoothing capacitor
Data Source
AI summary
A power distribution device comprises a system main relay, i.e., SMR, a pre-charge circuit and a control board. The SMR selects between on and off of a current between a power conversion device and a battery. The pre-charge circuit includes a charge resistor and a charge switch which are provided to charge the smoothing capacitor with power supplied from the battery. The control board enables a current smaller than a current flowing through the SMR. The SMR and the control board are arranged in the x-direction via the pre-charge circuit.