Vehicle Power Distributor Bypass Fuse for Redundant Supply Paths

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing power distribution systems in vehicles, particularly those with partially or fully automated driving functions, face challenges in ensuring reliable electrical energy supply to safety-related current paths due to degradation-related phenomena and measuring errors in semiconductor components of electronic fuses.

Innovation Solution

A power distributor with a bypass current path that includes at least one electronic fuse, allowing for parallel protection of component power branches. In case of a fault, the bypass current path intervenes to supply electrical components, ensuring continued power availability while allowing for cost-effective and compact design.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If bypass current path is added for redundancy, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower supply availabilityVSAvoidcircuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a trip logic circuit as an intermediary that automatically manages the bypass current path based on monitoring the operational state of the primary electronic fuse. This intermediary component handles the complexity of redundancy management, allowing the bypass path to be activated or deactivated automatically without requiring complex manual control systems, thus maintaining reliability while managing overall system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The bypass current path is designed with multi-functionality, serving both as a backup power supply when the primary electronic fuse fails and as a means to manage thermal events and degradation. The electronic bypass fuse and associated components can perform multiple protective functions, reducing the need for separate dedicated systems and thereby managing complexity while maintaining high reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If semiconductor components are used in electronic fuses, then functionality is improved, but harmful factors increase due to thermal events and degradation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemonitoring capabilityVSAvoidthermal events
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the harmful thermal effects and degradation of semiconductor components into beneficial monitoring opportunities. By placing voltage and current measuring devices across the electronic bypass fuse, the system monitors for signs of thermal stress and degradation, using these potentially harmful phenomena as indicators to trigger bypass activation or protective actions, thereby transforming the harmful factors into useful diagnostic information.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback mechanisms through voltage and current measuring devices that continuously monitor the operational state of the electronic bypass fuse and primary electronic fuse. This feedback allows the trip logic circuit to detect early signs of thermal events and degradation, enabling proactive management of semiconductor component reliability by activating bypass paths or taking protective actions before catastrophic failures occur.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution ensures reliable and cost-effective availability of electrical energy supply to safety-related current paths by providing a redundant power path that can intervene in case of faults, thereby enhancing the operational reliability of the power distribution system.

Implementation Method 1

The at least one voltage measuring device can measure the voltage on the current path which is routed through the electronic fuse

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVoltage measurement: Ohm's Law

Implementation Method 2

The current measuring device measures the current flowing through the electronic fuse

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCurrent measurement: Ohm's Law

Implementation Method 3

progressive degradation is generally associated with an increasing ohmic resistance in the current path of the electronic fuse which, in the event of a flow of current, is associated with a rise in temperature (generated by waste heat associated with contact resistance)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentUS20250158385A1Power Distributor, Power Distribution System and Vehicle Therewith
Publication Date: 2025.05.15 BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE AG
  • US20250158385A1 patent drawing
  • US20250158385A1 patent drawing

AI summary

A power distributor includes a supply input connected to a plurality of component outputs via respective component power branches, wherein each of the component power branches comprises at least one component fuse element, and at least one bypass power path which leads from a supply input to at least two of the component outputs and has the at least one electronic bypass fuse.