Power Failure Prevention Circuit with Pre-Charging Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Power failure prevention systems face issues with inrush currents when the power supply is turned on, leading to potential damage to circuit components due to excessive transient currents and noise generation.
Innovation Solution
A power failure prevention system with a power management mechanism that includes a switch circuit, energy storage circuit, pre-charged circuit, and pre-charging control circuit, where the system operates in two stages: pre-charging and energy storage modes, preventing overshoot currents by controlling the charging process through an inductor and switch circuit, ensuring the energy storage circuit is charged only when the input voltage is stable.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If the power supply circuit is turned on, then the power supply can provide electric power, but inrush current is generated causing noise and damage to circuit components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by introducing a pre-charging circuit that charges the energy storage circuit before the main power switch is turned on. This pre-charging process gradually builds up voltage in the energy storage circuit, so when the main switch closes, the inrush current is significantly reduced because the voltage difference between the power source and the load is minimized. The control circuit monitors the voltage and enables the main switch only after pre-charging is complete.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses an intermediary approach by introducing an energy storage circuit (capacitor) and control circuit as intermediaries between the power source and the load. The energy storage circuit acts as a buffer that absorbs the transient inrush current, while the control circuit mediates the timing and sequencing of the pre-charging phase and main power delivery phase, preventing direct connection that would cause inrush current.
2Reliability
If the pre-charged circuit is charged by the input power source, then the voltage is built up, but overshoot current may damage the energy storage circuit
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by implementing a controlled pre-charging sequence where the pre-charged circuit is charged first through a limited current path, and only after reaching a safe voltage threshold does the system proceed to charge the energy storage circuit. This staged approach prevents overshoot current by ensuring proper voltage levels are established before full power connection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses feedback control where the control circuit continuously monitors the voltage of the pre-charged circuit and the energy storage circuit. Based on this feedback, the control circuit adjusts the charging process and determines when to transition between pre-charging mode and main charging mode, preventing overshoot conditions by responding to real-time voltage measurements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively prevents damage to circuit components by managing the charging process, ensuring the energy storage circuit is charged safely and providing a stable voltage during power outages, thereby extending the lifespan of circuit components.
Implementation Method 1
charges the energy storage circuit through the inductor and the switch circuit
Data Source
AI summary
A power failure prevention system and method with a power management mechanism are provided. A switch circuit is connected to a first terminal of an inductor. An energy storage circuit is connected to the switch circuit. A pre-charged circuit is connected to an input power source and a second terminal of the inductor. A pre-charging control circuit is connected to the pre-charged circuit and configured to obtain a voltage of a node between the pre-charged circuit and the second terminal of the inductor, a voltage of the switch circuit or a voltage of the energy storage circuit as a pre-charged voltage. The input power source pre-charges the pre-charged circuit. When the pre-charging control circuit determines that the pre-charged voltage is higher than or equal to a reference voltage, the pre-charging control circuit controls the pre-charged circuit, allowing the input power source to charge the energy storage circuit.