Power Feed Circuit for Six-Sector Base Station Antennas
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current power feed circuits for dual-beam antennas face challenges in achieving a full width at half maximum (FWHM) suitable for six-sector base stations, particularly in urban areas, due to wide beam width and complex configurations, which can lead to increased size and internal loss.
Innovation Solution
A power feed circuit configuration using a 90-degree hybrid circuit, equal distribution circuit, and unequal distribution circuit to feed power to five sequentially arranged antenna elements, ensuring equal power to some elements and phase-inverted power to others, allowing for adjustable power distribution and phase delays to achieve a FWHM of 30° to 33°, suitable for six-sector base stations with a simple structure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If the number of horizontally-arranged antenna elements is set to three or four, then the structure is simple, but the beam width becomes too wide and it is difficult to achieve an FWHM suitable for six-sector base station
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple antenna elements (five elements) into a unified array with a specific power feed circuit configuration. The 90-degree hybrid circuit merges signal paths to create two independent beams from a single antenna array, achieving both structural simplicity and precise beam control suitable for six-sector base stations.
Solution Approach 2:
The power feed circuit employs dynamic phase and amplitude control through 90-degree hybrid circuits and phase shifters. This allows the system to dynamically adjust beam directions and widths, achieving precise FWHM control (30°-33°) while maintaining a relatively simple physical structure.
2Manufacturing precision
If the number of horizontally-arranged antenna elements is set to six, then the FWHM suitable for six-sector base station can be achieved, but the configuration of the power feed circuit becomes complicated and this may result in an increase in size of the circuit or an increase in internal loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the power feed circuit into functional modules: a 90-degree hybrid circuit for beam separation, phase shifters for direction control, and amplitude controllers for beam shaping. This modular segmentation achieves precise FWHM control while keeping each module relatively simple and the overall circuit manageable in size and loss.
3Manufacturing precision
If the number of horizontally-arranged antenna elements is set to six, then the FWHM suitable for six-sector base station can be achieved, but the size of the circuit and internal loss increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the functions of multiple independent feed circuits into a single integrated power feed system using 90-degree hybrid circuits. This consolidation reduces the total number of independent signal paths, thereby reducing cumulative internal losses while maintaining precise FWHM control through coordinated phase and amplitude adjustment.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed power feed circuit effectively achieves a FWHM of 30° to 33°, suitable for six-sector base stations, while maintaining a simple structure and reducing internal losses, and allows for adjustable sidelobe suppression and beam radiation directions.
Implementation Method 1
a 90-degree hybrid circuit that comprises two input terminals for inputting a power-feed signal and two output terminals, equally distributes electrical power input from the two input terminals and outputs the distributed electrical power from the two output terminals and is configured such that the power-feed signal input from one of the input terminals is output to an other of the output terminals by being phase-delayed by 90 degrees
Data Source
AI summary
A power feed circuit for feeding power to first through fifth antenna elements sequentially arranged in a horizontal direction includes a 90-degree hybrid circuit including two input terminals and two output terminals, an equal distribution circuit that the power-feed signal output from one of the output terminals is equally distributed and output to the second and fourth antenna elements, and a distribution circuit that power-feed signal output from the other of the output terminals is distributed and output to the first, third and fifth antenna elements. The distribution circuit distributes such that electrical power output to the first and fifth antenna elements is equal and that a sum of electrical power output to the first and fifth antenna elements is not more than that output to the third antenna element. A phase-inverted power is fed to the third antenna element and either one of the second and fourth antenna elements.