Power Grid Fault Detection Using Sensor Data Fusion
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Solution Overview
Problem
In power grids, detecting and locating faults is inefficient and inaccurate due to complex topologies and varied devices, leading to prolonged power outages.
Innovation Solution
A system utilizing a processor and memory to collect and analyze data from multiple sensors, verifying fault regions by combining local and adjacent sensor data, and referencing historical fault data to identify candidate fault regions quickly and accurately.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If fault detection relies only on local sensor data, then the detection process is simple and fast, but the accuracy and reliability of fault location are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines data from multiple sensors (local sensor and adjacent sensors) to perform fault detection and location. The fault detection unit integrates information from the local sensor that detected the fault and adjacent sensors to determine the fault location, thereby improving accuracy while managing complexity through systematic data fusion
2Adaptability or versatility
If the power grid topology is complex with varied devices, then the system can handle diverse power distribution needs, but the time required to detect and locate faults increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the fault detection process into distinct functional units: a fault detection unit that identifies faults using local sensor data, and a fault location unit that determines location using additional sensor data. This segmentation allows the system to handle complex grid topologies efficiently by processing information in structured stages rather than as a monolithic operation
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary fault detection using local sensor data before proceeding to fault location determination. This preliminary action allows the system to quickly identify when a fault exists, then systematically engage additional sensors only when needed for location determination, reducing overall detection time in complex grids
3Reliability
If multiple sensors are used to improve fault detection accuracy, then the reliability of fault location is enhanced, but the system complexity and data processing requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamic fault detection system where the involvement of adjacent sensors is triggered based on fault detection events. The system adaptively activates additional sensors and data processing only when a fault is detected, rather than continuously operating all sensors, thereby improving reliability while managing complexity through event-driven operation
Data Source
AI summary
A method, system, and computer program product, include recording high-frequency wave data of local arid adjacent fault curves of a power grid to compare the high-frequency wave data with historical fault data to detect an actual fault region in the power grid, the power grid having a plurality of sensors distributed in the power grid, each sensor being upstream of one adjacent sensor and downstream of an other adjacent sensor.