Power Supply System Dynamic Switching for Cell Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Power supply systems using multiple power supply devices face issues with electricity loss and deterioration due to variations in characteristics and deterioration rates among the devices, leading to potential overload and polarity inversion, especially when connected in series or parallel.
Innovation Solution
A power supply system with switching elements connected in series to each power supply device, controlled by a control circuit to selectively enable the switching element corresponding to the device with the highest inter-terminal voltage, preventing current flow and minimizing electricity loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If multiple power supply devices are connected in parallel to meet electricity demand, then power supply capacity is improved, but current flows from cells with high electromotive force to cells with low electromotive force causing deterioration and potential rupture
Solution Approach 1:
A diode is introduced as an intermediary component between parallel-connected power supply devices. The diode allows current to flow only in the forward direction, preventing backflow from cells with high electromotive force to cells with low electromotive force. This mediator component resolves the contradiction by enabling parallel connection for increased power capacity while blocking the harmful reverse current that would otherwise cause cell deterioration and potential rupture.
2Reliability
If diodes are connected in series with each battery to prevent backflow, then cell stability is improved, but voltage drop of the diode causes electricity loss
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between series and parallel connections of power supply devices based on their state of charge and performance characteristics. When batteries are fully charged or deteriorated, they are disconnected from the parallel configuration and reconnected in series or isolated. This dynamic reconfiguration reduces the time that protective diodes need to block current, thereby reducing cumulative voltage drop and electricity loss while maintaining cell stability when needed.
3Power
If power supply devices with varying characteristics are connected in series, then voltage output is improved, but heat value increases in cells with high internal resistance causing rapid deterioration
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically monitors the state of charge, internal resistance, and temperature of each power supply device and switches between series and parallel configurations based on real-time conditions. When a cell exhibits high internal resistance that would cause excessive heat generation in series connection, the system reconfigures to parallel connection or isolates the problematic cell, thereby preventing thermal deterioration while maintaining optimal voltage output through adaptive configuration.
Data Source
AI summary
A power supply system capable of inhibiting electricity loss and deterioration of each power supply device while realizing high stability in the case where electricity supply is performed by using a plurality of power supply devices is provided. A switching element corresponding to a power supply device having a higher inter-terminal voltage out of two power supply devices selectively becomes in ON state, and a switching element corresponding to a power supply device having a lower inter-terminal voltage selectively becomes in OFF state. Thereby, overload on a specific power supply device is prevented, and current flow between the different power supply devices is able to be prevented without generating needless electricity loss. Further, since electricity of the power supply device having a higher inter-terminal voltage is selectively outputted, variation between the respective power supply devices becomes allowable to some extent.