Power Supply Controller Input Power Regulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Prior PWM power supply controllers inadequately regulate output voltage in response to changes in input voltage, load current, and noise signals, leading to oscillations and overshoots.
Innovation Solution
A power supply controller that calculates instantaneous input power to adjust the duty cycle of PWM drive signals, integrating input power to regulate output current and voltage, and reduce sensitivity to noise, using a PWM control circuit, ramp generator circuit, and error amplifier to form error signals and control transistors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If prior PWM controllers use only inductor current as current limit, then the device complexity is reduced, but the output voltage regulation accuracy deteriorates leading to oscillations and overshoots
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the current sensing function into two independent pathways: inductor current sensing for PWM generation and input current sensing for power calculation. This segmentation allows each sensing path to be optimized independently, with the input current pathway providing additional regulation capability without complicating the core PWM control structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary power calculation circuit that processes both inductor current and input voltage signals to generate a power-based control signal. This intermediary calculation acts as a mediator between the basic current limiting function and the advanced voltage regulation goal, enabling accurate output voltage control without directly complicating the PWM controller structure.
2Ease of operation
If prior controllers use simple current limiting, then the ease of operation is improved, but the reliability deteriorates in response to transient conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary action by calculating instantaneous input power before it can cause problematic transient effects. By continuously monitoring and calculating input power in advance, the controller can proactively adjust PWM duty cycles to prevent oscillations and overshoots before they occur, rather than merely reacting to them.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dual feedback loops: one based on inductor current for basic PWM control and another based on calculated input power for enhanced regulation. This layered feedback structure maintains operational simplicity while significantly improving reliability during transient conditions, as each feedback loop reinforces the other's regulatory action.
3Device complexity
If prior controllers do not integrate input power calculation, then the device complexity is reduced, but the adaptability deteriorates in response to input voltage changes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by designing a power calculation circuit that serves multiple functions simultaneously: it calculates instantaneous input power for PWM modulation, provides feed-forward compensation for input voltage changes, and enables adaptive current limiting. This multi-functionality achieves high adaptability without proportionally increasing device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by dynamically adjusting PWM duty cycle based on calculated instantaneous input power. As input voltage parameters change, the power calculation automatically reflects these changes, and the controller adapts the output parameters accordingly, providing seamless adaptability without requiring separate detection circuits for each parameter.
Data Source
AI summary
In one embodiment, a PWM controller uses the input power of a power system to regulate a duty cycle of a switching PWM signal.