Power Supply Sampling Circuit for Stable Voltage Regulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional power supply circuits face issues with high power consumption and unstable voltage output due to inaccurate feedback voltages caused by varying load resistances, which affect the efficiency of pulse width modulation in maintaining a steady voltage.
Innovation Solution
The power supply circuit incorporates a sampling circuit with a resistor and capacitor in series, reducing power consumption and providing accurate feedback voltage by minimizing current flow through the sampling circuit, allowing for stable voltage output even with varying load resistances.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a sampling circuit with resistors is used to provide feedback voltage, then the power supply circuit can regulate output voltage, but the power consumption increases and the feedback voltage becomes inaccurate when load resistance varies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the configuration of the sampling circuit from using only resistors to using a capacitor connected in parallel with the feedback resistor. This parameter change transforms the sampling circuit into an RC circuit that can maintain accurate feedback voltage with minimal current flow, thereby reducing power consumption while maintaining voltage regulation stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitor acts as an intermediary element in the sampling circuit. It stores electrical energy and provides a stable reference voltage for feedback without requiring continuous current flow through high-value resistors. This intermediary component enables accurate voltage sensing while minimizing power consumption.
2Use of energy by moving object
If high resistance values are used in the sampling circuit to reduce power consumption, then power consumption decreases, but the feedback voltage becomes inaccurate when load resistance varies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the sampling circuit parameters by introducing a capacitor in parallel with the feedback resistor. This creates an RC time constant that filters voltage variations and maintains a stable feedback signal. The capacitor's ability to hold charge allows the circuit to maintain accurate feedback voltage even when load resistance changes, eliminating the need for extremely high resistance values.
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitor provides beforehand cushioning by storing electrical energy in advance. When load resistance varies and causes voltage fluctuations, the capacitor releases stored energy to maintain a stable feedback voltage. This prior energy storage cushions against voltage variations and ensures measurement precision without requiring high resistance values.
3Reliability
If current flows through the sampling circuit to provide feedback voltage, then voltage regulation can be achieved, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The capacitor serves as an intermediary that stores electrical energy and provides feedback voltage without requiring continuous current flow. It mediates between the output voltage and the pulse width modulation circuit, enabling voltage regulation while minimizing energy loss by eliminating the need for continuous resistive current.
Solution Approach 2:
The RC circuit creates periodic charging and discharging cycles of the capacitor. During these cycles, the capacitor charges from the output voltage and discharges to provide feedback signal to the pulse width modulation circuit. This periodic action enables continuous voltage regulation with minimal average current flow, reducing power loss compared to continuous resistive current.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration results in a power supply circuit with reduced power consumption and stable voltage output, as the capacitor acts as an energy storage element without consuming power, ensuring accurate feedback for precise voltage regulation.
Implementation Method 1
The sampling circuit includes a first resistor and a first capacitor connected in series... the capacitor acts as an energy storage element without consuming power
Implementation Method 2
The transformer includes a primary coil and a secondary coil... AC voltage is converted to DC voltage via the transformer
Data Source
AI summary
An exemplary power supply circuit includes a transformer (21) having a primary coil (211) and a secondary coil (212); a rectification circuit and a transistor (26) respectively coupled to two terminals of the primary coil; a communicating and filter circuit (22) coupled to the secondary coil; a sampling circuit (13) having a first resistor (231) and a first capacitor (232) connected in series; and a pulse width modulation circuit (25) coupled between the transistor and the sampling circuit. Direct current (AC) voltage is applied to the rectification circuit and is converted into DC voltage via the transformer and the communicating and filter circuit. The DC voltage is fed back to the pulse width modulation circuit via a voltage applied to the first capacitor. The pulse width modulation circuit adjusts a gating time of the transistor so as to adjust the output DC voltage output by the power supply circuit.