Power Supply Circuit with Segmented Voltage Conversion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Charging devices face challenges in efficiently converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) with adjustable voltage output to accommodate various electronic devices, particularly those supporting the PD protocol, which requires continuous adjustable DC voltage.
Innovation Solution
A power supply circuit comprising a rectifier circuit, a primary power supply conversion circuit, and a secondary power supply conversion circuit, where the primary circuit adjusts the input voltage within a preset range to ensure the secondary circuit operates within its minimum working voltage, using BOOST and BUCK units to stabilize and adjust the output voltage, and a feedback mechanism to maintain stable power delivery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single-stage power conversion circuit is used to convert AC to DC, then the device complexity is reduced, but the voltage output adjustability and stability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The power conversion circuit is divided into two independent stages: a first power conversion circuit for AC-DC conversion and voltage stabilization, and a second power conversion circuit for DC voltage adjustment. This segmentation allows each stage to specialize in one function, achieving both circuit simplicity and voltage adaptability through modular design.
Solution Approach 2:
The first power conversion circuit acts as an intermediary between the AC power source and the second power conversion circuit. It converts AC to DC and stabilizes the voltage within a preset range, providing a stable intermediate output that enables the second circuit to focus solely on voltage adjustment for different device requirements.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the rectifier circuit output voltage varies widely, then the adaptability to different input conditions is improved, but the reliability of the secondary power conversion circuit deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The first power conversion circuit performs preliminary action by converting AC to DC and stabilizing the voltage to within a preset range before the signal reaches the second power conversion circuit. This preliminary stabilization ensures that regardless of input voltage variations, the secondary circuit always receives reliable input, maintaining operation reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The first power conversion circuit provides beforehand cushioning by buffering voltage fluctuations and stabilizing the output within a controlled range. This cushioning effect protects the second power conversion circuit from harmful voltage variations, ensuring reliable operation even when input conditions change.
3Device complexity
If voltage adjustment is performed in a single stage, then the device complexity is reduced, but the charging efficiency and speed deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage conversion process is segmented into two stages: first converting AC to DC and stabilizing voltage, then adjusting DC voltage to target levels. This segmentation improves charging efficiency by optimizing each stage's function, reducing energy loss, and enabling faster charging speeds while maintaining reasonable device complexity through modular architecture.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables efficient conversion of AC to DC with adjustable voltage, ensuring stable power supply to electronic devices, reducing the need for additional voltage adjustments and enhancing charging speed through optimized voltage and current output, thereby improving charging efficiency and device compatibility.
Implementation Method 1
a rectifier circuit, configured to convert an alternating current inputted to the rectifier circuit into a direct current
Implementation Method 2
a primary power supply conversion circuit including an input end connected with an output end of the rectifier circuit, configured to convert an input voltage of the primary power supply conversion circuit out of a preset voltage range into an output voltage of the primary power supply conversion circuit within the preset voltage range
Implementation Method 3
a secondary power supply conversion circuit including an input end connected with an output end of the primary power supply conversion circuit, configured to convert a direct current voltage outputted by the primary power supply conversion circuit into a target direct current voltage
Data Source
AI summary
A power supply circuit includes a rectifier circuit, configured to convert an alternating current inputted to the rectifier circuit into a direct current; a primary power supply conversion circuit having an input end connected with an output end of the rectifier circuit, configured to convert an input voltage of the primary power supply conversion circuit which is out of a preset voltage range into an output voltage of the primary power supply conversion circuit within the preset voltage range; and a secondary power supply conversion circuit having an input end connected with an output end of the primary power supply conversion circuit, configured to convert a direct current voltage outputted by the primary power supply conversion circuit into a target direct current voltage. A lower limit of the preset voltage range is greater than a minimum working voltage of the secondary power supply conversion circuit.