Power Switch Apparatus Jitter for Export Control Compliance

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Solution Overview

Problem

High frequency power converters developed for civilian applications risk being misused in military or nuclear applications, leading to export control restrictions and the need for costly licenses, as they can achieve high frequency stability beyond regulatory thresholds.

Innovation Solution

A power switch apparatus for power converters that alters switching events by adding a deviation to gate drive signals, ensuring the generated AC voltage temporarily and partly deviates from the nominal frequency by a pre-defined percentage, making it unsuitable for high stability military or nuclear applications and thus exempt from export controls.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If power converters are designed to achieve high frequency stability for civilian applications, then they can meet stringent performance requirements, but they risk being misused in military or nuclear applications and trigger export control restrictions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency stabilityVSAvoidexport control restrictions
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The gate drive unit incorporates a frequency stability limitation function that proactively prevents the power converter from achieving frequency stability above a predetermined threshold. This preliminary anti-action ensures that even if the converter is designed with high-performance components, the control system actively limits the frequency stability to remain below export control thresholds, thereby preventing misuse in military or nuclear applications while still allowing legitimate civilian use.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

2Productivity

If power converters operate at high switching frequencies to improve efficiency, then energy conversion performance increases, but they become subject to export control regulations requiring licenses

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy conversion efficiencyVSAvoidexport control restrictions
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts the switching frequency and pulse width modulation parameters within the gate drive unit to optimize energy conversion efficiency while simultaneously maintaining the output frequency stability below the 599 Hz threshold. By changing control parameters rather than hardware specifications, the converter achieves high productivity for civilian applications without triggering export control restrictions based on frequency stability criteria.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3166216B1Tamper-resistant power switch apparatus for a power converter and power converter
Publication Date: 2020.07.29 GE ENERGY POWER CONVERSION TECHNOLOGY LTD(GB)
  • EP3166216B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3166216B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3166216B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A power switch apparatus (21) for a power converter (6, 7) is disclosed, which comprises a semiconductor power switch (33) and a gate drive unit (28, 29) connected to the semiconductor power switch (33) for supplying gate drive signals (Vg) to the semiconductor power switch (33) to switch it on and off to cause the power converter (6, 7) to generate an alternating current (AC) voltage (VAC) having a nominal operational frequency (f) based on command signals (58) received from a controller (31). The gate drive unit (28, 29) is configured to receive command signals (58) based on the AC voltage (VAC) of the nominal operational frequency (f) to be generated and to alter the switching events of the semiconductor power switch (33) by addition of a pre-defined jitter-like deviation to the gate drive signals (Vg) such as to cause the power converter (6, 7) to generate an AC voltage (VAC*) having a modified operational frequency (f*) which at least partly and temporarily deviates from the nominal operational frequency (f) by at least a pre-defined minimum percentage. This prevents the power switch apparatus (21) from being misused for military and other undesired applications which it was originally not designed for and which require high frequency generation with high accuracy. A power converter (6, 7) comprising such a power switch apparatus (21) is also disclosed.