Multi-Voltage Power System Dynamic Cell Reconfiguration

The patent implements dynamic reconfiguration of the cell array by controlling transistors to change electrical connections between cell packs based on detected voltage requirements. The system transitions from a static series connection to a dynamic architecture where M cell packs can be reconfigured into different series-parallel combinations to provide multiple voltage levels (e.g., 5V, 9V, 12V, 20V), enabling compatibility with various device charging standards without requiring multiple separate power banks.

The power bank is designed with universal functionality to serve multiple device types with different voltage requirements. By incorporating a voltage detecting unit that identifies the connected device's voltage needs and automatically reconfiguring the cell array through transistor control, a single power bank can universally charge smartphones, tablets, laptops, and other portable devices with varying power specifications, eliminating the need for device-specific power banks.

The cell array is segmented into M independent cell packs, each with its own transistor control circuitry. This segmentation allows the system to treat each cell pack as an independent module that can be individually monitored, controlled, and reconfigured. When a cell abnormality is detected, the microcontroller can isolate the affected cell pack by controlling its transistors, preventing the abnormality from propagating through the entire series connection and maintaining voltage stability in the remaining functional cell packs.

The system incorporates a voltage detecting unit that continuously monitors the output voltage and provides feedback to the microcontroller. When cell abnormalities cause voltage instability, the feedback mechanism enables the microcontroller to detect the anomaly and dynamically reconfigure the cell array by adjusting transistor states. This closed-loop control ensures that voltage instability is promptly detected and corrected by switching to alternative cell pack configurations, maintaining reliable power output.

The system transforms the static series connection into a dynamic reconfigurable architecture where M cell packs can be switched between series and parallel connections through transistor control. This dynamic capability allows the system to adapt the connection structure based on operational requirements and cell health status. When abnormalities are detected, the microcontroller dynamically reconfigures the cell array to exclude affected cells, maintaining safety and stability while preserving the ability to provide required voltage levels.

The presence of cell abnormalities, which would traditionally cause system failure in a fixed series connection, is converted into an opportunity for demonstrating the system's robustness. The microcontroller uses feedback from voltage detection to identify abnormal cells and strategically reconfigures the cell array to isolate these harmful elements. This transforms the potential harm of cell failures into a demonstration of the system's ability to maintain safe and stable operation through intelligent reconfiguration, where the abnormal cells are effectively neutralized by excluding them from active duty.