Multi-Voltage Power Tool Battery Interface With Safe Pack Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power tools are limited to using battery packs with specific dimensions and voltage specifications, requiring complex and unreliable identification methods, which complicates the use of multiple battery packs and poses risks to the tool's components due to voltage mismatches.
Innovation Solution
A power tool design that includes a versatile input terminal set compatible with multiple battery packs of different specifications, using a controller to identify connected battery packs based on terminal configurations and signals, and a voltage regulation mechanism to adapt to various input voltages, preventing over-discharge and ensuring safe operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the power tool uses a fixed input terminal set designed for a specific battery pack specification, then the connection reliability with that battery pack is ensured, but the adaptability to different battery pack specifications is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The input terminal set is designed with universal compatibility to accept multiple battery pack specifications. The terminal configuration includes contact structures that can adaptively connect with different battery pack terminal arrangements, enabling a single power tool to work with various battery pack types while maintaining reliable electrical connection through standardized contact interfaces
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts operational parameters based on the detected battery pack specification. The controller identifies the battery pack type through terminal configuration detection and modifies voltage regulation, current limits, and protection thresholds accordingly, allowing the power tool to maintain optimal performance and reliability across different battery pack specifications
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the power tool includes comprehensive voltage regulation and protection circuits, then the safety and component protection are improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary detection of battery pack specifications through terminal configuration identification before power delivery. The controller pre-configures voltage regulation parameters and protection thresholds based on the detected battery type, ensuring safe operation from the outset and preventing component damage before it can occur
Solution Approach 2:
A controller acts as an intermediary between the battery pack and power tool components. It mediates the electrical connection by regulating voltage and current based on battery pack specifications, implementing protection logic, and isolating components from harmful voltage variations, thereby simplifying the overall circuit design while maintaining comprehensive protection
3Measurement precision
If the power tool uses complex identification methods to detect battery pack specifications, then the measurement precision of battery type detection is improved, but the ease of operation is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The system automatically performs battery pack identification and configuration without user intervention. The controller detects terminal configurations, determines battery pack specifications, and self-configures operational parameters, eliminating the need for users to manually set or identify battery types while maintaining high identification accuracy through electrical terminal detection
Data Source
AI summary
A power tool includes a power tool body. The power tool body is configured to be adapted to at least a first battery pack having a first nominal voltage and a first output terminal set and a second battery pack having a second nominal voltage and a second output terminal set, where the first nominal voltage is different from the second nominal voltage. The power tool body includes a first input terminal set configured to be selectively electrically connected to one of the first output terminal set and the second output terminal set to supply power to the power tool body.