Interchangeable Power Tool Head Reverse Lock-Out Mechanism

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Solution Overview

Problem

Handheld power tools with interchangeable tool heads face the risk of undesirable reverse movement, potentially leading to operator injury, tool damage, or surface damage, as certain tool heads like sanders, jigsaws, or circular saws should not be operated in reverse.

Innovation Solution

A handheld power tool design that includes a plate member with a retainer pin and direction-selection switch, where the plate member's axial movement restricts the retainer pin's position based on the attached tool head, preventing reverse motion for inappropriate tool heads like sanders, jigsaws, or circular saws while allowing reverse motion for drill heads.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If interchangeable tool heads are permitted, then versatility and ease of use are improved, but risk of undesirable reverse movement increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterchangeability of tool headsVSAvoidreverse movement risk
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

A plate member with an opening acts as an intermediary component between the tool head and the direction-selection switch. The retainer pin passes through this opening, and the position of the opening relative to the pin determines whether reverse motion is permitted. Different tool heads have contact plates that position the opening differently, thereby mediating the permission or restriction of reverse motion based on tool head type.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The plate member has different local configurations depending on which tool head is attached. When a sander, jigsaw, or circular saw is attached, the contact plate positions the opening such that the retainer pin is blocked from reaching the reverse position. When a drill head is attached, the opening is positioned to allow the pin to reach the reverse position. This local differentiation based on tool head type resolves the contradiction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Reliability

If reverse motion is prevented for certain tool heads, then operator safety is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperator safetyVSAvoiddirection control mechanism
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The direction control mechanism is segmented into distinct functional components: a plate member with an opening, a retainer pin, and a direction-selection switch. The plate member can be in different positions depending on the tool head attached, and the retainer pin is constrained by the opening's position. This segmentation allows simple mechanical interaction to achieve safe operation without complex electronic or hydraulic systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system is self-regulating based on which tool head is attached. When a sander, jigsaw, or circular saw is attached, the contact plate automatically positions the opening to block reverse motion through the retainer pin. When a drill head is attached, the opening is positioned to permit reverse motion. The mechanism serves itself by using the tool head's own structure (contact plate) to control the direction selection, eliminating the need for external controls or complex systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP2548702B1Multi-Head Power Tool with Reverse Lock-Out Capability
Publication Date: 2020.09.09 BLACK & DECKER CORP
  • EP2548702B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2548702B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2548702B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A handheld power tool having a detachable tool head is disclosed in which, depending on the type of tool head used, selection of reverse movement of the rotary assembly of the power tool can be prevented. Where reverse movement of the tool head is undesirable, such as for a saw blade, the tool head contains a contact plate that slides a plate member to a position to prevent selection of the reverse direction by the user. However, where reverse movement of a tool head is desired, such as for a drill head, the plate member remains in its original position such that forward and reverse directions can be selected by a user.