Power Train Gas Separation for Engine Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power train systems with spark ignition internal combustion engines face challenges in adjusting exhaust gas composition to optimize fuel efficiency, reduce harmful emissions, and improve output across varying operating conditions and fuel properties, as they do not effectively adapt the recirculated exhaust gas composition to these conditions.
Innovation Solution
A power train system that includes a gas component separation unit to extract gases with different specific heat ratios from the exhaust gas, a recirculation unit to return these components to the combustion chamber, and a ratio adjustment unit to dynamically adjust the gas component ratios based on engine operation and fuel properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If exhaust gas recirculation is increased to reduce NOx emission and cooling loss, then harmful emissions are reduced, but the specific heat ratio of the air-fuel mixture decreases and theoretical thermal efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the compositional parameters of the recirculated exhaust gas by separating it into different components (hydrocarbons, carbon oxides, nitrogen, water) and selectively recirculating specific components in controlled ratios. This allows optimization of the specific heat ratio while maintaining NOx reduction benefits.
Solution Approach 2:
The exhaust gas is segmented into distinct components through separation processes, allowing independent control and recirculation of each component. This segmentation enables precise adjustment of the recirculated gas composition to achieve optimal thermal efficiency while maintaining emission control.
2Use of energy by moving object
If the composition of recirculated exhaust gas is adjusted to optimize thermal efficiency, then fuel efficiency improves, but the system complexity increases due to need for composition control
Solution Approach 1:
The gas separation and recirculation system serves multiple functions simultaneously: it controls NOx emissions, optimizes thermal efficiency, and manages combustion temperature. This multi-functionality justifies the added complexity by delivering multiple performance benefits from a single integrated system.
3Use of energy by moving object
If nitrogen concentration in recirculated gas is increased to improve specific heat ratio, then thermal efficiency improves, but the ability to adapt to various operation conditions decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The recirculation system is designed to dynamically adjust the composition and flow rate of recirculated gases based on real-time engine operating conditions. This dynamic control allows the system to maintain optimal thermal efficiency across varying loads, speeds, and fuel types by continuously adapting the gas mixture composition.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes multiple parameters simultaneously (composition ratios of different gases, total recirculation flow rate, injection timing) to adapt to varying operating conditions while maintaining optimal thermal efficiency. This multi-parameter control enables both high efficiency and broad adaptability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system allows for optimized fuel efficiency, reduced harmful emissions, and improved output by adjusting the exhaust gas composition in response to different operating conditions, enhancing thermal efficiency and suppressing knocking and preignition.
Implementation Method 1
a gas component separation unit which extracts a plurality of gas components having different specific heat ratios from an exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine
Implementation Method 2
a recirculation unit which recirculates the plurality of gas components to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine
Implementation Method 3
a ratio adjustment unit which adjusts a ratio of the plurality of gas components recirculated to the combustion chamber in response to an operation state or a fuel property state of the internal combustion engine
Implementation Method 4
a spark ignition type internal combustion engine
Data Source
AI summary
To provide a novel power train system capable of improving fuel efficiency, reducing harmful components of an exhaust gas, and improving an output by adjusting a composition of a gas component of the exhaust gas in accordance with an operation condition. Therefore, provided is a power train system including a gas component separation unit (2) which extracts a plurality of gas components having different specific heat ratios from an exhaust gas of a spark ignition type internal combustion engine (1), a recirculation unit which recirculates the plurality of gas components to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and a ratio adjustment unit (3) which adjusts a ratio of the plurality of gas components recirculated to the combustion chamber in response to an operation state of the internal combustion engine. A composition of a gas recirculated to the internal combustion engine can be adjusted depending on various operation conditions. Accordingly, it is possible to improve fuel efficiency, reduce harmful components of an exhaust gas, and improve an output in a wide range of operation conditions of the internal combustion engine.