PPG Bio-Information Estimation Using Internally Dividing Points
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing bio-signal monitoring technologies struggle to accurately estimate health parameters like blood pressure, vascular age, arterial stiffness, aortic pressure waveform, stress index, and fatigue in non-invasive, mobile healthcare settings due to noise and unstable waveforms.
Innovation Solution
A bio-signal acquirer and processor system that extracts characteristic points from bio-signals, calculates internally dividing points using weighted time and amplitude values, and estimates bio-information such as blood pressure by analyzing PPG signals, even in non-ideal environments.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional PPG signal analysis methods are used, then the system is simple and easy to operate, but the measurement precision and reliability of bio-information estimation deteriorate due to noise and unstable waveforms
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the PPG signal into multiple characteristic points (peak point, inflection points, valley points) and divides the waveform into distinct regions (systolic upstroke, systolic peak, dicrotic notch, diastolic phase). This segmentation allows precise measurement of multiple time intervals (TP1, TP2, TP3, TP4, TP5) and amplitude values, significantly improving bio-information estimation accuracy while maintaining manageable processing complexity through systematic analysis of discrete features
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from analyzing single-dimension PPG waveforms to multi-dimensional feature extraction by considering both time-domain characteristics (five time intervals between characteristic points) and amplitude-domain characteristics (multiple amplitude values at different points). This dimensional expansion enables comprehensive blood pressure estimation through multiple feature combinations, resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and processing complexity
2Measurement precision
If multiple characteristic points and internally dividing points are extracted, then the measurement precision improves, but the loss of time and computational complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary identification and extraction of five key characteristic points (peak, inflection, valley points) from the PPG waveform before conducting detailed analysis. By pre-locating these critical features and calculating their time intervals and amplitude values in advance, the system reduces subsequent computational burden and processing time while maintaining high measurement precision through comprehensive feature extraction
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts more characteristic points and time intervals than the minimum required for basic analysis, including five distinct time intervals (TP1-TP5) and multiple amplitude measurements. This excessive action provides redundant features that improve measurement precision and robustness against noise, while the systematic organization of these features enables efficient processing that mitigates the time loss
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate estimation of health parameters by stabilizing feature extraction through internally dividing point calculation, improving accuracy and robustness in mobile healthcare scenarios.
Implementation Method 1
a photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor configured to emit a light to an object and acquire a PPG signal by detecting the light reflected or scattered from the object
Implementation Method 2
a photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor configured to emit a light to an object and acquire a PPG signal by detecting the light reflected or scattered from the object
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus for non-invasively estimating bio-information is provided. According to one exemplary embodiment, the apparatus may include a bio-signal acquirer configured to acquire a bio-signal; and a processor configured to extract a plurality of characteristic points from the bio-signal, determine internally dividing points of the plurality of characteristic points, and extract feature values from the bio-signal based on the internally dividing points to perform bio-information estimation.